/pdf/the-local-dimension-of-migration-policymaking-2vs5qtncra.pdf

The Local Dimension of Migration Policymaking

This article uses the puzzle of diverging trajectories of immigrant citizenship in the United States and Canada to build a new approach to the study of citizenship and political incorporation. I consider three existing models of citizenship: an approach that considers citizenship adoption as the product of cost/benefit calculations; an approach that understands individuals and groups to be differentially endowed with the skills, resources and interests necessary to acquire citizenship; and an approach that believes countries adopt citizenship regimes which either include or shut out immigrants. I then offer an alternative model of structured mobilization which views political incorporation as a social process of mobilization by friends, family, community organizations and local leaders that is embedded in an institutional context shaped by government policies of diversity and newcomer settlement. The material and symbolic resources provided by government shape the ability and interest of "social helpers" to assist with and mobilize around citizenship. The article concludes by considering the implications of structured mobilization for various debates in immigration and political sociology.

https://www.jstor.org/stable/pdfplus/4494935.pdf

Becoming a Citizen in the United States and Canada: Structured Mobilization and Immigrant Political Incorporation

Immigration has irreversibly changed Western European demographics over the past generation. This article reviews recent research drawing implications of this migration for labor-market discrimination and for immigrant–state and immigrant–native violence. It further reports on research measuring the effects of political institutions and policy regimes on reducing the barriers to immigrants' economic integration. In the course of reviewing the literature, we discuss some of the methodological challenges that scholars have not fully confronted in trying to identify the causes and consequences of discrimination and violence. In doing so, we highlight that future work needs to pay greater attention to sequencing, selection, and demographic effects. Further, we suggest ways to resolve contradictory findings in regard to preferred policies aimed at advancing immigrants' economic performance.

/pdf/immigration-into-europe-economic-discrimination-violence-and-1b8nnfwss5.pdf

Immigration into Europe: Economic Discrimination, Violence, and Public Policy

In the 1990s, Colombia, the Dominican Republic, Ecuador, Costa Rica, and Brazil passed dual citizenship laws granting their expatriates the right to naturalize in the receiving country without losing their nationality of origin. I estimate the effects of these new laws on naturalization rates and labor market outcomes in the United States. Based on data from the 1990 and 2000 U.S. censuses, I find that immigrants recently granted dual nationality rights are more likely to naturalize relative to immigrants from other Latin American countries. They also experience relative employment and earnings gains, together with drops in welfare use, suggesting that dual citizenship rights not only increase the propensity to naturalize but may also promote economic assimilation. The effects of dual citizenship on improved economic performance, if mediated through naturalization, are consistent with American citizenship conferring greater economic opportunities.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/34619/1/545572231.pdf

Dual Citizenship Rights: Do they Make More and Richer Citizens?

1. Introduction: the politics of granting citizenship 2. Wide measures with synthetic and dynamic methods Part I. The Colonizers and Settlers: 3. Colonization in reverse: the degrees of empire in the UK and France 4. From manifest destiny to multi-culturalism in the settler countries Part II. Matched Case Studies and Exceptions: 5. European colonizer versus short term occupier: Austria and Germany 6. World colonizer versus late occupier: The Netherlands and Belgium 7. Left and green politics trump regime types in Nordic countries Part III. The Comprehensive Analysis of Naturalization Rates: 8. Explaining naturalization rates in eighteen countries: regimes over centuries and politics and institutions over decades 9. Conclusion - explanations and future of citizenship.

/pdf/the-ironies-of-citizenship-naturalization-and-integration-in-3h7t5ru9on.pdf

The Ironies of Citizenship: Naturalization and Integration in Industrialized Countries

Although citizenship and youth have traditionally seemed to be two terms with very little in common, recent years have shown an enormous interest in analysing their relationships On one hand, exploring how the new generations become citizens is a key issue for understanding the characteristics of the civic life of a society On the other, the concept of citizenship has revealed itself as a potent conceptual and analytic instrument for explaining youth transitions In order to acquire a deeper comprehension of these relationships, we believe it necessary to advance in their empirical study, to acknowledge their multidimensional character, and to defend a dynamic perspective of citizenship This paper approaches the study of citizenship from its cultural dimension and proposes an analytical framework for the empirical study of the discourses and representations of what being a citizen means to young Europeans Our analytical framework is structured along two axes: the dimension of belonging and th

Becoming a citizen

Addressing the sterile debate on the question of ‘youth de-politicisation’ requires taking into account the new structural and cultural conditions of the relationship between young people and politics. We must also seek to understand the multiple meanings that politics today has for young people by linking their logics of politicisation with the social dynamics of youth in modern society. In this paper, I present the results of qualitative analysis of focus group and interviews with approximately 100 young Spaniards. I discuss the main structures of meaning present in their discourses, and how young people combine and employ these meanings to orientate themselves in the public sphere. Phenomena such as political individualisation, the sudden incursions of youth into the public sphere or the intermittent and provisional presence and distancing from institutional politics are better understood from the perspective proposed here.

The political cultures of young people: an uncertain and unstable combinatorial logic

. This article seeks to show empirically the importance of cultural aspects in the understanding of political events and the impact of cultural structures on the development of political life in contemporary societies. It uses as a case study the democratization process that has been taking place in Spain for the last 25 years. The Spanish case is especially interesting because of the powerful cultural framework established around the process of transition to democracy; a framework from which most political symbols and meanings of the new Spanish democracy emanate. After analyzing the basic categories of this cultural structure and the main consequences for the functioning of political life, the article goes on to argue that these cultural elements have shaped a special relationship between citizens and politics.

Cultural structures and political life: The cultural matrix of democracy in Spain1

(analitico): La reciente popularidad del concepto de ciudadania juvenil tiene el indudable riesgo de que estemos ante una nueva categoria llena de retorica pero falta de contenido. Por ello resulta necesario reflexionar, como se hace en este articulo, sobre lo que significa ser joven y ciudadano al mismo tiempo en las sociedades contemporaneas, los obstaculos a superar y las posibilidades de lograrlo. Con este proposito, en el texto se desarrolla un nuevo enfoque sobre la construccion de la ciudadania juvenil en el que se vincula estrechamente el desarrollo de los jovenes como personas autonomas con el ejercicio activo y participativo de su condicion ciudadana. En el apartado final se proponen algunas lineas de trabajo para desarrollar la ciudadania juvenil, transformando las politicas publicas de juventud en politicas de ciudadania.

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La ciudadanía juvenil: Un enfoque basado en las experiencias vitales de los jóvenes

This article examines the historical process of construction of citizenship in Spain from the beginning of the democratic experience up to the last general elections. This historical process can only be understood properly if we analyse its close relationship with the development of democratic culture and the huge modernization of Spanish social life. The contrast between the persistence of the transition legacy and the change in political cultural patterns, as argued in the article, has produced a model of citizenship that is not entirely clear, where the high degree of institutionalisation of civic rights contrasts sharply with civic practices that are quite limited, although there are interesting signs that this situation is undergoing transformations.

https://dialnet.unirioja.es/descarga/articulo/2125547.pdf

Jorge Benedicto

Papers

Becoming a citizen

The political cultures of young people: an uncertain and unstable combinatorial logic

Cultural structures and political life: The cultural matrix of democracy in Spain1

La ciudadanía juvenil: Un enfoque basado en las experiencias vitales de los jóvenes

La construcción de la ciudadanía democrática en España (1977-2004): de la institucionalización a las prácticas