"United we stand, divided we fall."--Aesop. Aggregation-induced emission (AIE) refers to a photophysical phenomenon shown by a group of luminogenic materials that are non-emissive when they are dissolved in good solvents as molecules but become highly luminescent when they are clustered in poor solvents or solid state as aggregates. In this Review we summarize the recent progresses made in the area of AIE research. We conduct mechanistic analyses of the AIE processes, unify the restriction of intramolecular motions (RIM) as the main cause for the AIE effects, and derive RIM-based molecular engineering strategies for the design of new AIE luminogens (AIEgens). Typical examples of the newly developed AIEgens and their high-tech applications as optoelectronic materials, chemical sensors and biomedical probes are presented and discussed.

Aggregation-Induced Emission: The Whole Is More Brilliant than the Parts

Strong Closed-Shell Interactions in Inorganic Chemistry.

Palladium-catalyzed amination reactions of aryl halides have undergone rapid development in the last 12 years, largely driven by the implementation of new classes of ligands. Biaryl phosphanes have proven to provide especially active catalysts in this context. This Review discusses the application of these catalysts in C-N cross-coupling reactions in the synthesis of heterocycles and pharmaceuticals, in materials science, and in natural product synthesis.

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Biaryl Phosphane Ligands in Palladium‐Catalyzed Amination

8.4.5. Nitromercuration Reactions 3878 9. Hydroamination of Alkenes and Alkynes under Microwave Irradiation 3878 * To whom correspondence should be addressed. Phone: +49 241 8

Hydroamination: direct addition of amines to alkenes and alkynes.

Functional π-Gelators and Their Applications

New economic and environmentally benign methods for achieving carbon–carbon bond formation are in constant demand. Here, a remarkably efficient and functional-group-tolerant, metal-free reductive cross-coupling of carbonyl compounds with boronic acids is described.

Metal-free carbon–carbon bond-forming reductive coupling between boronic acids and tosylhydrazones

Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry: BARLUENGA:HETEROCYC. 4VOL O-BK

Modern heterocyclic chemistry

Tosylhydrazone sind wertvolle Zwischenverbindungen, die in der organischen Chemie seit fast 60 Jahren Anwendung finden. Die jungste Entdeckung einer palladiumkatalysierten Kreuzkupplungsreaktion unter Beteiligung eines Tosylhydrazon-Kupplungspartners weckte ein neues Interesse an diesen Reagentien. Die Reaktion ist nahezu universell fur Hydrazone und kann zur Synthese polysubstituierter Alkene genutzt werden. Im Verlauf dieser Forschungen wurden auserdem neue metallfreie C-C- und C-O-Kupplungen gefunden. Da Tosylhydrazone leicht aus Carbonylverbindungen zuganglich sind, bieten diese Umwandlungen neue Moglichkeiten fur die Derivatisierung von Carbonylverbindungen. Dieser Kurzaufsatz behandelt diese neuartigen Reaktionen dieses klassischen Reagens.

José Barluenga

Papers

Metal-free carbon–carbon bond-forming reductive coupling between boronic acids and tosylhydrazones

Modern Heterocyclic Chemistry: BARLUENGA:HETEROCYC. 4VOL O-BK

Modern heterocyclic chemistry

Tosylhydrazone – neue Anwendungen klassischer Reagentien in palladiumkatalysierten Kreuzkupplungen und metallfreien Umsetzungen

I(py)2BF4, a New Reagent in Organic Synthesis: General Method for the 1,2‐Iodofunctionalization of Olefins