Communication accommodation theory: A look back and a look ahead

Linking back to D. Horton and R. Wohl (1956), the present approach conceptualizes and empirically examines viewers’ parasocial interaction experience with a TV performer. Causes and outcomes of parasocial interaction experience are examined. To this end, a new Experience of Parasocial Interaction (EPSI) scale is introduced. In a 2 (Bodily Addressing) × 2 (Verbal Addressing) between-subjects experiment (N = 198) viewers reported a more intense parasocial experience if they were addressed by a TV performer on a bodily and verbal level. In addition, the more viewers perceived the performer to be attractive and the stronger their perspective-taking ability, the more intense their parasocial experience. Stronger parasocial experience resulted in higher commitment to social norms and a greater enjoyment of the exposure situation.

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Horton and Wohl Revisited: Exploring Viewers' Experience of Parasocial Interaction

This article reports the development of a self‐report Interpersonal Communication Competence Scale (ICCS) that taps 10 dimensions of competence: self‐disclosure, empathy, social relaxation, assertiveness, interaction management, altercentrism, expressiveness, supportiveness, immediacy, and environmental control. First, we created the ICCS, reducing the number of items from an original 60 to 10. Then we established concurrent validity of the scale by looking at the ICCS's relationship to cognitive and communication flexibility.

Development of a measure of interpersonal communication competence

Conversational agents (CAs) are software-based systems designed to interact with humans using natural language and have attracted considerable research interest in recent years. Following the Computers Are Social Actors paradigm, many studies have shown that humans react socially to CAs when they display social cues such as small talk, gender, age, gestures, or facial expressions. However, research on social cues for CAs is scattered across different fields, often using their specific terminology, which makes it challenging to identify, classify, and accumulate existing knowledge. To address this problem, we conducted a systematic literature review to identify an initial set of social cues of CAs from existing research. Building on classifications from interpersonal communication theory, we developed a taxonomy that classifies the identified social cues into four major categories (i.e., verbal, visual, auditory, invisible) and ten subcategories. Subsequently, we evaluated the mapping between the identified social cues and the categories using a card sorting approach in order to verify that the taxonomy is natural, simple, and parsimonious. Finally, we demonstrate the usefulness of the taxonomy by classifying a broader and more generic set of social cues of CAs from existing research and practice. Our main contribution is a comprehensive taxonomy of social cues for CAs. For researchers, the taxonomy helps to systematically classify research about social cues into one of the taxonomy's categories and corresponding subcategories. Therefore, it builds a bridge between different research fields and provides a starting point for interdisciplinary research and knowledge accumulation. For practitioners, the taxonomy provides a systematic overview of relevant categories of social cues in order to identify, implement, and test their effects in the design of a CA.

A Taxonomy of Social Cues for Conversational Agents

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the relative impacts of perceived cost, perceived benefits, and social influence on self-disclosure behaviors in social networking sites under an integrated theoretical framework. Design/methodology/approach – Building upon social exchange theory and privacy calculus theory, an integrated model was developed. The model was tested empirically using a sample of 405 social networking site’s users. Users were required to complete a survey regarding self-disclosure behaviors in Facebook. Findings – The results indicate that social influence is the factor which exhibits the strongest effect on self-disclosure in social networking sites, followed by perceived benefits. Surprisingly, perceived privacy risk does not have any significant impact on self-disclosure. Research limitations/implications – The results inform researchers about the importance to incorporate social influence factors and cultural factors into future online self-disclosure study. Practical impl...

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Self-disclosure in social networking sites : the role of perceived cost, perceived benefits and social influence.

I. INTERPERSONAL COMMUNICATION PRELIMINARIES. 1. Universals of Interpersonal Communication. 2. Axioms of Interpersonal Communication. 3. Culture in Interpersonal Communication. 4. The Self in Interpersonal Communication. 5. Apprehension and Assertiveness. 6. Perception in Interpersonal Communication. 7. Listening in Interpersonal Communication. 8. Effectiveness in Interpersonal Communication. II. MESSAGES: VERBAL AND NONVERBAL. 9. Universals of Verbal and Nonverbal Messages. 10. Verbal Messages: Understanding Principles and Pitfalls. 11. Verbal Messages: Reducing Barriers to Interaction. 12. Nonverbal Messages: Body and Sound. 13. Nonverbal Messages: Space and Time. 14. Messages and Conversation. III. INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS. 15. Universals of Interpersonal Relationships. 16. Relationship Development and Deterioration. 17. Relationship Maintenance and Repair. 18. Power in Interpersonal Relationships. 19. Conflict in Interpersonal Relationships. 20. Friends and Lovers. 21. Primary and Family Relationships. 22. Interpersonal Communication and Relationships in the Workplace.

Joseph A. DeVito

Papers

The interpersonal communication book