Wireless sensor network (WSN) is one of the interesting issues in the information technology domain. It is used in various fields such as medicine, agriculture, meteorology, etc. that eases lots of difficult tasks to do but have some challenges too. Deployment is the greatest challenge in WSN that affects other features like coverage, connectivity, energy efficient and lifetime. Despite the importance of the deployment problem in WSN, to the best of our knowledge, there isn't any systematic literature review to give us systematical analyses the state-of-the mechanisms in this field. Therefore, this study reviewed the deployment mechanisms which have been used in WSN systematically. The deployment mechanisms can be classified into two main categories: deterministic and nondeterministic. Also, this study represents a comparison of the important techniques of the selected articles in each category to offer a guideline for further studies and new challenges. We also have noted some open issues for future research.

Deployment Strategies in the Wireless Sensor Networks: Systematic Literature Review, Classification, and Current Trends

In an effort to improve plant growth and to achieve high yield and/or quality, irrigation scheduling (IS) seeks to provide plants with appropriate quantities of water at appropriate times. ...

Irrigation Scheduling Approaches and Applications: A Review

The Internet of things (IOT) is remodeling the agriculture enabling the farmers with the wide range of techniques such as precision and sustainable agriculture to face challenges in the field. IOT technology helps in collecting information about conditions like weather, moisture, temperature and fertility of soil, Crop online monitoring enables detection of weed, level of water, pest detection, animal intrusion in to the field, crop growth, agriculture. IOT leverages farmers to get connected to his farm from anywhere and anytime. Wireless sensor networks are used for monitoring the farm conditions and micro controllers are used to control and automate the farm processes. To view remotely the conditions in the form of image and video, wireless cameras have been used. A smart phone empowers farmer to keep updated with the ongoing conditions of his agricultural land using IOT at any time and any part of the world. IOT technology can reduce the cost and enhance the productivity of traditional farming.

Agricultural crop monitoring using IOT - a study

Architecting User-Centric Internet of Things for Smart Agriculture

Water plays a crucial role in the agricultural field for food production and raising livestock. Given the current trends in world population growth, the urgent food demand that must be answered by agriculture highly depends on our ability to efficiently exploit the available water resources. Among critical issues, there is water management. Recently, innovative technologies have improved water management and monitoring in agriculture. Internet of Things, Wireless Sensor Networks and Cloud Computing, have been used in diverse contexts in agriculture. By focusing on the water management challenge in general, existing approaches are aiming at optimizing water usage, and improving the quality and quantity of agricultural crops, while minimizing the need for direct human intervention. This is achieved by smoothing the water monitoring process, by applying the right automation level, and allowing farmers getting connected anywhere and anytime to their farms. There are plenty of challenges in agriculture involving water: water pollution monitoring, water reuse, monitoring water pipeline distribution network for irrigation, drinking water for livestock, etc. Several studies have been devoted to these questions in the recent decade. Therefore, this paper presents a survey on recent works dealing with water management and monitoring in agriculture, supported by advanced technologies. It also discusses some open challenges based on which relevant research directions can be drawn in the future, regarding the use of modern smart concepts and tools for water management and monitoring in the agriculture domain.

https://hal-lirmm.ccsd.cnrs.fr/lirmm-02506701/document

Water Management in Agriculture: A Survey on Current Challenges and Technological Solutions

Wireless sensor networks (WSN) is an important and exciting technology with great potential for application in various fields including medicine, transportation, agriculture, industrial process control, global-scale environmental monitoring and precision agriculture. This paper reviews the application of WSN in automating irrigation management and rescheduling. Irrigation management and rescheduling based on WSN are potential solutions for optimum water management via automatic access to in-field soil moisture conditions and control of irrigation systems

Deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in automated irrigation management and scheduling systems: a review

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is currently an active research area due to its exciting technology and potential in different applications. The advantages of wireless transmission are significant reduction and simplification in wiring, allows remote sensor monitoring, such as monitoring dangerous, hazardous, allow faster deployment and installation of different types of sensors. WSN is applied in various fields including medicine, transportation, agriculture, industrial process control, global-scale environmental monitoring and precision agriculture. Availability of fresh water is one of the elementary conditions for life on Earth, however, water is a limited resource, and is having demand from several economic sectors such as tourism, industry, and agriculture. In particular, irrigated agriculture is one of the major water-consuming sectors. The above-mentioned issues justify the need for having a system which will facilitate an efficient utilization of water in the irrigation processes. This paper describes an application of wireless sensor network in designing an automated irrigation management system which monitors real time water content in the soil. The system will allow water to flow to the soil only when the soil is in the state of “Water hungry”. The designed system has three units namely; slave unit, master unit and the valve control unit.

/pdf/designing-and-simulation-of-an-automated-irrigation-10xbioq0zp.pdf

Joseph Haule

Papers

Deployment of wireless sensor networks (WSN) in automated irrigation management and scheduling systems: a review

Designing and Simulation of an Automated Irrigation Management System Deployed by using Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN)