Lithium/alkaline earth metal X zeolites in which the lithium:alkaline earth metal equivalent ratio is from about 95:5 to about 50:50 and lithium/alkaline earth metal A zeolites in which the lithium:alkaline earth metal equivalent ratio is from about 10:90 to about 70:30 are useful for separating oxygen and nitrogen from mixtures because they combine high adsorption capacity with high thermal stability.

Mixed ion-exchanged zeolites and processes for the use thereof in gas separations

A composition comprising a metal oxide, a silica-containing material, a gallium-containing material, an aluminum-containing material, and a promoter, wherein at least a portion of the promoter is present as a reduced-valence promoter and methods of preparing such composition are disclosed The thus-obtained composition is employed in a desulfurization zone to remove sulfur from a hydrocarbon stream

Desulfurization and novel compositions for same

Hydrotreating catalysts comprise a hydrogenating component and a support comprising at least one porous refractory inorganic oxide, said catalyst having BET surface area of 150 to about 190 m 2 /g, nitrogen desorption pore volume of 0.8 to about 1.2 cc/g in micropores with radii up to 600 Å, with at least 0.7 cc/g of such micropore volume in pores having radii ranging from 50 to 600 Å, mercury penetration pore volume of 0.1 to about 0.5 cc/g in macropores with radii of 600 to 25,000 Å and bulk density of about 0.3 to about 0.5 g/cc. Hydrotreating process comprises contacting a hydrocarbon feed susceptible to upgrading with hydrogen in the presence of the aforesaid catalysts under hydrotreating conditions. The catalyt and process are particularly useful in hydrotreating feeds comprising high metals or high metals and sulfur content materials.

Hydrotreating catalyst and process

A method for producing a substantially desulfurized a hydrocarbon fuel stream at temperatures less than 100° C. The method includes providing a nondesulfurized fuel cell hydrocarbon fuel stream that may include water and passing the fuel stream sequentially through a zeolite Y adsorbent and a selective sulfur adsorbent. The zeolite Y adsorbent may be exchanged with copper ions. The method produces a substantially desulfurized hydrocarbon fuel stream containing less than 50 ppb sulfur.

A desulfurization system and method for desulfurizing a fuel stream

A composition of matter comprising at least one metal-containing spinel which includes a first metal and a second metal having a valence higher than the valence of the first metal, a minor amount of at least one third metal component effective to promote the oxidation of sulfur dioxide to sulfur trioxide at sulfur dioxide oxidation conditions, and a minor amount of at least one fourth metal component effective to promote the reduction of first metal sulfate at first metal sulfate reduction conditions. These compositions are useful, e.g., in hydrocarbon conversion processes, to reduce sulfur oxide and/or nitrogen oxide atmospheric emissions.

Metal-containing spinel composition and process of using same

A process wherein a particulate sorbent mass of zeolite which has been ion-exchanged with zinc or cadmium to provide pore size openings of about 5A, and greater, particularly zinc, is contacted with a moist hydrocarbon process stream which contains sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants, these being adsorbed onto said particulate sorbent mass, and the process stream thereby denuded of said sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants Thereafter, the sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants, are readily desorbed, or removed from said particulate sorbent mass by contacting, and purging same with a gas stream, suitably hydrogen, or a hydrogen-containing gas, at elevated temperature

Removal of sulfur from process streams

Sulfur and metal contaminants, such as nickel, vanadium and iron, are removed from hydrocarbon feedstocks, by contacting the feedstocks at an elevated temperature and pressure in the presence of hydrogen and a catalyst comprising a hydrogenation component and a support material comprised of phosphorus oxide and alumina. The hydrogenation component includes a Group VIB and/or Group VIII metal of the Periodic Table, particularly molybdenum or tungsten and cobalt or nickel. The presence of phosphorus oxide in the catalyst composition has been found to impart increased catalytic activity for demetallization of metal-contaminated hydrocarbon feedstocks such as heavy petroleum crudes and residua.

Catalyst and process for removing sulfur and metal contaminants from hydrocarbon feedstocks

A process for the use of such sorbent, or catalyst, to effectively remove sulfur from naphthas at temperatures above about 350° F without the significant production, if any, of PNA's The invention embodies a particulate mass of a sorbent, or catalyst, comprised of nickel in concentration ranging from about 10 percent to about 70 percent, preferably from about 20 percent to about 50 percent, calculated as metallic nickel based on the total weight of the sorbent, iron in concentration ranging from about 1 percent to about 15 percent, preferably from about 2 percent to about 10 percent, calculated as metallic iron based on the total weight of the sorbent, or catalyst composition and a porous, refractory inorganic oxide such as silica, alumina, clays, or mixture thereof; preferably alumina, with which the nickel and iron are composited

Desulfurization of hydrocarbons

A process wherein a particulate sorbent mass of zeolite which has been ion-exchanged with zinc or cadmium to provide pore size openings of about 5A (5 x 10 -10 m), and grater, particularly zinc, is contacted with a moist hydrocarbon process stream which contains sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants, these being adsorbed onto said particulate sorbent mass, and the process stream thereby denuded of said sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants. Thereafter, the sulfur, sulfur compounds, and other contaminants, are readily desorbed, or removed from said particulate sorbent mass by contacting, and purging same with a gas stream, suitably hydrogen, or a hydrogen-containing gas, at elevated temperature.

Jr. Paul E. Eberly

Papers

Removal of sulfur from process streams

Catalyst and process for removing sulfur and metal contaminants from hydrocarbon feedstocks

Desulfurization of hydrocarbons

Process for removal of sulfur from moisture-bearing, sulfur-containing hydrocarbon process streams

Isomerization of paraffin hydrocarbons