The impact of environmental innovation on carbon dioxide emissions

Determinants of renewable energy technological innovation in China under CO2 emissions constraint.

Does electricity price matter for innovation in renewable energy technologies in China

We conduct a systematic and interdisciplinary review of empirical literature assessing evidence on induced innovation in energy and related technologies. We explore links between demand-drivers (both market-wide and targeted); indicators of innovation (principally, patents); and outcomes (cost reduction, efficiency, and multi-sector/macro consequences). We build on existing reviews in different fields and assess over 200 papers containing original data analysis. Papers linking drivers to patents, and indicators of cumulative capacity to cost reductions (experience curves), dominate the literature. The former does not directly link patents to outcomes; the latter does not directly test for the causal impact of on cost reductions. Diverse other literatures provide additional evidence concerning the links between deployment, innovation activities, and outcomes. We derive three main conclusions. (a) Demand-pull forces enhance patenting; econometric studies find positive impacts in industry, electricity and transport sectors in all but a few specific cases. This applies to all drivers-general energy prices, carbon prices, and targeted interventions that build markets. (b) Technology costs decline with cumulative investment for almost every technology studied across all time periods, when controlled for other factors. Numerous lines of evidence point to dominant causality from at-scale deployment (prior to self-sustaining diffusion) to cost reduction in this relationship. (c) Overall innovation is cumulative, multi-faceted, and self-reinforcing in its direction (path-dependent). We conclude with brief observations on implications for modelling and policy. In interpreting these results, we suggest distinguishing the economics of active deployment, from more passive diffusion processes, and draw the following implications. There is a role for policy diversity and experimentation, with evaluation of potential gains from innovation in the broadest sense. Consequently, endogenising innovation in large-scale models is important for deriving policy-relevant conclusions. Finally, seeking to relate quantitative economic evaluation to the qualitative socio-technical transitions literatures could be a fruitful area for future research.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/1748-9326/abde07/pdf

Induced innovation in energy technologies and systems: a review of evidence and potential implications for CO2 mitigation

This article presents a critical assessment of 40 years of research that may be brought under the umbrella of energy efficiency, spanning different aggregations and domains—from individual producin...

https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-environ-012320-084937

Energy Efficiency: What Has Research Delivered in the Last 40 Years?

We examine the effect of energy prices and technological knowledge on innovation in green energy technologies. In doing so, we consider both demand-pull effects, which induce innovative activity by increasing the expected value of innovations, and technology-push effects, which drive innovative activity by extending the technological capability of an economy. Our analysis is conducted using patent data from the European Patent Office on a panel of 26 Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development countries over the period 1978–2009. Utilizing a dynamic count data model for panel data, we analyze 11 distinct green energy technologies. Our results indicate that the existing knowledge stock is a significant driver of green energy innovation for all technologies. Furthermore, the results suggest that energy prices have a positive impact on innovation for some but not all technologies, and that the effect of energy prices and technological knowledge on green energy innovation becomes more pronounced after the Kyoto protocol agreement in 1997 (JEL codes: C33, O31, Q40, Q42, Q55).

Energy Prices, Technological Knowledge, and Innovation in Green Energy Technologies: a Dynamic Panel Analysis of European Patent Data

We examine the effect of energy prices and technological knowledge on innovation in green energy technologies. In doing so, we consider both demand-pull effects, which induce innovative activity by increasing the expected value of innovations, and technology-push effects, which drive innovative activity by extending the technological capability of an economy. Our analysis is conducted using patent data from the European Patent Office on a panel of 26 OECD countries over the period 1978-2009. Utilizing a dynamic count data model for panel data, we analyze 11 distinct green energy technologies. Our results indicate that the existing knowledge stock is a significant driver of green energy innovation for all technologies. Furthermore, the results suggest that energy prices have a positive impact on innovation for some but not all technologies and that the effect of energy prices and technological knowledge on green energy innovation becomes more pronounced after the Kyoto protocol agreement in 1997.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/103415/1/798789484.pdf

Energy prices,technological knowledge and green energy innovation: A dynamic panel analysis of patent counts

In this article, I empirically analyze and compare the impact of innovation in green and non-green energy technologies on the economic performance of ﬁrms. My analysis is conducted on a panel of 8,619 patenting ﬁrms including 968 green energy patenters from 22 European countries over the period 2003 to 2010. I measure economic ﬁrm performance in terms of productivity and use a panel data model based on an extended Cobb-Douglas production function. My results show that green energy innovation has a statistically signiﬁcant negative impact on economic ﬁrm performance. In contrast, non-green energy innovation is shown to have a statistically signiﬁcant positive impact on economic ﬁrm performance. These ﬁndings suggest that private economic returns in terms of productivity are lower for green energy than for non-green energy innovation.

https://www.econstor.eu/bitstream/10419/144861/1/853491399.pdf

Innovation in green energy technologies and the economic performance of firms

This article empirically analyzes supply-side and demand-side factors expected to affect innovation in clean coal technologies. Patent data from 93 national and international patent offices is used to construct new firm-level panel data on 3,648 clean coal innovators over the time period 1978 to 2009. The results indicate that on the supply-side a firm’s history in clean coal patenting and overall propensity to patent positively affects clean coal innovation. On the demand-side we find strong evidence that environmental regulation of emissions, that is, CO2, NOX and SO2, induces innovation in both efficiency improving combustion and after pollution control technologies.

Innovation in Clean Coal Technologies: Empirical Evidence from Firm-Level Patent Data

In this article, I empirically analyze and compare the impact of innovation in green and non-green energy technologies on the economic performance of ﬁrms My analysis is conducted on a panel of 8,619 patenting ﬁrms including 968 green energy patenters from 22 European countries over the period 2003 to 2010 I measure economic ﬁrm performance in terms of productivity and use a panel data model based on an extended Cobb-Douglas production function My results show that green energy innovation has a statistically signiﬁcant negative impact on economic ﬁrm performance In contrast, non-green energy innovation is shown to have a statistically signiﬁcant positive impact on economic ﬁrm performance These ﬁndings suggest that private economic returns in terms of productivity are lower for green energy than for non-green energy innovation

Jürgen Kruse

Papers

Energy Prices, Technological Knowledge, and Innovation in Green Energy Technologies: a Dynamic Panel Analysis of European Patent Data

Energy prices,technological knowledge and green energy innovation: A dynamic panel analysis of patent counts

Innovation in green energy technologies and the economic performance of firms

Innovation in Clean Coal Technologies: Empirical Evidence from Firm-Level Patent Data

Innovation in Green Energy Technologies and the Economic Performance of Firms