Buyer seller watermarking protocols issues and challenges A survey

The advances in multimedia and networking technologies together with the wide spread of social networks and user generated content platforms have turned ordinary web users into actual multimedia content generators. This has given rise to the copyright protection problem of multimedia contents published or distributed on the Internet. In fact, dishonest web users or administrators of networks and platforms can easily duplicate the digital images and videos they host without reducing their perceptual quality. Then, such contents can be maliciously modified and/or re-distributed, thus damaging the reputation of their legitimate owners, or revealing their private information, or causing economic loss. A possible solution to such a problem consists in protecting digital content by adopting mechanisms of copyright identification and content tracking by fingerprinting based on digital watermarking technologies used in conjunction with watermarking protocols. However, most of the watermarking protocols documented in the literature have been designed as two-party protocols between classic buyers and sellers. On the contrary, the complexity of the distribution models of digital contents on the Internet needs new watermarking protocols based on multi-party approaches, which should make it possible to securely involve actors different from buyers and sellers, such as, for example, cloud computing operators. The paper presents a multi-party watermarking protocol that enables content owners to exploit cloud computing environments to protect the digital contents that they want to publish or distribute on the Internet. Such a result is achieved by enabling the different actors involved in the online transactions needed to support web content protection and distribution to securely interact according to a protocol that can mediate among conflicting interests.

A multiparty watermarking protocol for cloud environments

Digital watermarking is one of the techniques that can be used to support digital copyright protection. It enables copyright owners to insert a perceptually invisible watermark within any copy of content that is distributed on the Internet. The main aim is to use watermarks to implement copyright identification and content tracking. However, digital watermarking is not sufficient to ensure an adequate copyright protection, if it is not employed in conjunction with watermarking protocols, which define the schemes of the web transactions by which buyers can purchase protected digital content distributed by content providers in a secure manner. Therefore, watermarking protocols play a central role in the field of digital copyright protection by means of watermarking techniques. They have to ensure both a correct content protection and an easy participation of buyers in the purchase transactions of the contents distributed on the Internet. This paper presents a new watermarking protocol based on an innovative, buyer centric, and mediated design approach. The result is a secure protocol that enables buyers to easily participate in the transactions by which they can buy digital protected content, and this makes the protocol suited for the current web context.

Watermarking protocols: an excursus to motivate a new approach

Background: With the development and innovation of digital information technologies and new-generation Internet information platforms, new types of information exchange methods have been spawned It has broken the restriction of the traditional internet boundary, and integrated all round connections between people and objects Methods: Based on the above progresses, digital multimedia contents distributed or published much more convenient on the internet than before and most of them without any copyright protection The dishonest owner can easily copy and distribute the digital multimedia content without reducing any perceptual quality According to the relative concerns, watermark protocol networks play a very important role on usage tracking and copyrights infringement authentication etc However, most of the watermark protocols always require a “fully trusted third party”, which has a potential risk to suffer conspiracy attack Results: Therefore, in this paper, we focus on designing a watermark protocol with trustless third party via blockchain for protecting copyrights of owners that they want to publish or distribute on the internet The proposed watermark protocol includes three sub-protocols which covers the negotiation process, transaction process and identification processes Conclusion: In addition, this paper also provides a fully detail analysis that describes the benefits and weaknesses of current solution

/pdf/a-blockchain-based-buyer-seller-watermark-protocol-with-2qhqu07fwp.pdf

A Blockchain Based Buyer-seller Watermark Protocol with Trustless Third Party

In the digital right management value chain, digital watermarking technology plays a very important role in digital product’s security, especially on its usage tracking and copyrights infringement authentication. However, watermark procedures can only effectively support copyright protection processes if they are applied as part of an appropriate watermark protocol. In this regard, a number of watermark protocols have been proposed in the literature and have been shown to facilitate the use of digital watermarking technology as copyright protection. One example of such protocols is the anonymous buyer-seller watermarking protocol. Although there are a number of protocols that have been proposed in the literature and provide suitable solutions, they are mainly designed as a watermarking protocol for the first-hand market and are unsuitable for second-hand transactions. As the complexity of online transaction increases, so does the size of the digital second-hand market. In this paper, we present a new buyer-seller watermark protocol that addresses the needs of customer’s rights problem in the digital secondary market. The proposed protocol consists of five sub-protocols that cover the registration process, watermarking process for the first, second and third-hand transactions as well as the identification & arbitration processes. This paper provides analysis that compares the proposed protocols with existing state-of-the-arts and shows that it has met not only all the buyer’s and seller’s requirements in the traditional sense but also accommodates the same requirements in the secondary market.

/pdf/a-buyer-seller-watermarking-protocol-for-digital-secondary-3w70rw782l.pdf

A buyer-seller watermarking protocol for digital secondary market

Watermarking protocols are designed for tracing illegal distributors when unauthorized copies are found So far, most of the proposed schemes set up two or more watermarks embedded to a copy by the seller before it was sold The main potential concerns of multiple watermarking are the image quality would be damaged and any earlier embedded watermarks would be destroyed as well Thanks to visual cryptography which encodes the secret image into two shares, and recovers the secret by collecting these two shares Therefore, a new buyer-seller watermarking protocol is proposed in this paper by applying the technique of visual cryptography to Lei et al's scheme so as to free from the disadvantages of multiple-watermarking insertion

A new buyer-seller watermarking protocol without multiple watermarks insertion

Although digital watermarking protocols have been studied extensively for achieving copyright protection over the Internet for many years, the new issue of secondhand watermarking protocols has been largely ignored. Cheung and Curreem first proposed a buyer-reseller watermarking protocol for digital content redistribution in the second-hand markets. Later, Chen et al. showed that Cheung and Curreem’s scheme is vulnerable to malicious attacks and further proposed a simple improvement. However, in this paper, we show that the aforementioned schemes are still insecure, specifically by seller cheating problems, and propose an improved one. Moreover, the proposed scheme accounts for requirements of anonymity, unlinkability, coalition-resistance, and traitor traceability.

/pdf/an-improved-anonymous-buyer-reseller-watermarking-protocol-19b51dqfre.pdf

Jyun-Ci Huang

Papers

A new buyer-seller watermarking protocol without multiple watermarks insertion

An Improved Anonymous Buyer-Reseller Watermarking Protocol.