K. Maezawa

TL;DR: The dependence of the polar cap magnetic disturbance on the polarity and magnitude of the Z component of the interplanetary magnetic field is investigated by regression analysis using hourly values.

TL;DR: In this article, the authors identified slow-mode shocks between the plasma sheet and lobe in the midtail to distant-tail regions by using three-dimensional magnetic field data and 3D plasma data including density, velocity, temperature, and heat flux of both ions and electrons observed by the GEOTAIL satellite.

TL;DR: In this paper, the magnetotail radius increases during 1-2 hours before the substorm expansion phase onset, and then decreases rapidly after the onset time and recovers to the presubstorm value generally within about 1 hour of the expansion phase.

TL;DR: In this article, it was shown that the closed field lines formed by the reconnection return to the dayside by convecting through the inner magnetosphere in geomagnetically quiet times as well as in active times.

Abstract: Solar wind-magnetosphere interaction modes from Explorer 33 and 35 interplanetary plasma and magnetic field data