Showing papers by "K. P. Sudheer published in 2023"
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluate the variability in the model simulations caused by the cross-sectional orientations and show that the model can generate robust simulations of flood inundation extent and spatial variation in maximum flood depth (R2 and NSE greater than 0.89) for high flood events.
Abstract: Flood management activities require development of flood maps that depict the spatial and temporal extent of floods with the help of hydrodynamic models. Two-dimensional (2-D) hydrodynamic models are frequently employed for flood inundation modeling and mapping with the help of high-end computational resources and high-resolution terrain information such as LiDAR (light detection and ranging) data. However, LiDAR data are either unavailable or not freely accessible in many parts of the world, especially in nations belonging to Global South. Hence, one-dimensional (1-D) models are still in practice owing to their lesser computational cost and data requirement. Nonetheless, the successful application of a 1-D model depends mainly on the representation of the natural river and floodplain geometry, which is the primary input in the form of discrete cross-sections. The assumed flow directions on floodplains while orienting the cross-sections in 1-D models induce some uncertainty in the model simulations. This study aims to evaluate the variability in the model simulations caused by the cross-sectional orientations. Flood simulations were performed using a 1-D hydrodynamic model for six different cross-sectional realizations for three river reaches, having distinct morphological and topographical characteristics, and were compared with the simulations of a 2-D hydrodynamic model and available reference inundation maps. The study suggests that the simulations of flood inundation extent and maximum flow depth variation are influenced by the cross-sectional orientation on flood plains in river reaches characterized by broad flood plains with complex local topographical variations. In contrast, for reaches with relatively less wide and complex terrains, 1-D models can generate robust simulations of flood inundation extent and spatial variation in maximum flood depth (R2 and NSE greater than 0.89) for high flood events.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the conventional and advanced techniques used in flood control operation of single and multiple reservoirs have been reviewed and the best results are obtained by judicious use of current data and forecasts.
Abstract: Operation of multipurpose reservoirs during flood season is a challenging task if there is a conflict among the purposes. Despite the importance of this theme in water resources management and a large number of relevant studies carried out, a detailed review paper on this topic is missing in the literature. Present paper aims to fill this gap by providing a comprehensive review of the published literature by classifying the articles. The conventional and advanced techniques used in flood control operation of single and multiple reservoirs have been reviewed. For flood control regulation, the best results are obtained by judicious use of current data and forecasts. Since the operators need to maintain a balance between conflicting demands in presence of uncertain inflows, assessment of risks and uncertainties and their management is crucial. Finally, suggestions for future research and development on this topic are provided.
TL;DR: In this article , a hot air-assisted microwave (HAMW) drying system was used for large-scale commercial production of dried shrimps, and the results showed that the process parameters optimized under the study for HAMW can be used for the production of good-quality dried shrimp.
Abstract: The study was carried out to optimize the drying conditions of shrimp in the hot air-assisted microwave drying system using response surface methodology. The drying experiments were performed using a Box–Behnken design with air temperature (50–70°C), air velocity (.5–1.5 m/s), and microwave power level (600–1000 W) as independent variables and drying time, water activity, and rehydration ratio as independent variables. The obtained response variables were fitted into the various regression equations to predict a suitable model. The methodology of desired function was applied to indicate 61.74°C air temperature, 922.61 W microwave power, and 1.0 m/s air velocity which offered a reduced drying time of 2.8 h, the water activity of .424 and improved rehydration ratio of 2.51, respectively with a desirability value of .949. The moisture content, drying efficiency, shrinkage, and total color change were determined for the samples obtained under optimized conditions and were observed as 16.5% (w.b), 35.71%, 14.14%, and 16.95 ± 2.14, respectively. Scanning electron microscopy analysis of dried shrimp showed the formation of pores of diameters ranging from 3.17 to 10.6 μm. The process parameters optimized under the study for hot air-assisted microwave drying can be used for the production of good-quality dried shrimps. Practical applications Generally, fish and fish products are dried in the open sun or solar dryers in most developing countries. The traditional methods offer the least process controls with maximum energy and manpower demand to meet the ever-growing industry requirements with increased awareness of the safety and quality of the dried products. The hot air-assisted microwave (HAMW) drying system developed under the study could have complete control over the process parameters without compromising the quality of the dried product. The study suggests the HAMW drying system as a potential means of drying technique for large-scale commercial production of dried shrimps.