Showing papers by "K. Shanti Swarup published in 2018"

Modelling and Simulation of Digital Substation Automation for Inter-Substation Line Protection

Abstract: Power systems have grown to become complex energy networks, they consist mainly of substations connected by transmission lines. These lines are key components of the networks and need to be protected to ensure the integrity and reliability of the system. The control and protection of equipment within a substation has evolved from manual to hardwire automated to Supervisory Control And Data Acquisition (SCADA) enabled to Intelligent Electronic Device (IED) enabled and finally now digital automation. The present standard of substation automation globally accepted is the International Electrotechnical Commission 61850 Standard. While this standard has guidelines and rules for the mechanisms within a substation, it does not fully address the use of digital communication for Transmission line protection. This paper shall explore the possibility of transmission line protection using digital substation automation concepts.

Offering strategy for a photovoltaic power plant in electricity market

Abstract: With the large-scale manufacturing and production, the per-unit cost of energy from photovoltaic modules have decreased, and the incentives given by the governments are slowly withdrawn. Consequently, the photovoltaic power plants are able to, and asked to, participate in the electricity markets to trade its power competing with conventional generators. This work contributes to the offering strategies for photovoltaic power plants in the day-ahead electricity market with balancing market. The uncertain variables considered are day-ahead electricity prices and actual solar power production for which scenarios are created from historical data. The photovoltaic power plant is modeled as a price taker and the offering problem is solved as a linear programming problem with stochastic optimization.

Analysis of Active and Transactive Demand Response Strategies for Smart Residential Buildings

Abstract: Dynamic pricing and demand response programs are playing key roles in the modern smart grid environment to manage peak loads. With the current advent of communication systems, more user-friendly price driven schemes started emerging at the residential level. In the United States, heating and air-conditioning loads are major contributors to total electricity consumption in residential buildings. In some areas, cooling loads during summer months are the highest of the whole year due to high outdoor air temperature and the wholesale electricity prices also increase as a consequence. In this paper, two demand response strategies i.e, active control and transactive control for a residential building are analyzed. Heating, Ventilation and Air Conditioning (HVAC) is considered as a responsive load and its set-point change to real-time prices and total power consumption in each method are analyzed. Modelling of single-family residential building and simulation are done in GridLAB-D.

Optimal Protection Coordination for Microgrid Considering DG and Line Outages Using IWO-ILP Technique

Abstract: Microgrids incorporated with synchronous distributed generators (SDGs) contribute to the significant amount of fault currents compared to inverter-based DGs. During islanded mode also, the fault magnitudes are significant and call for efficient and fast protection schemes. The coordination protection devices, especially, directional overcurrent relays (DOCRs) is a vital issue when dealing with microgrids with SDGs. In addition to the connection of DGs, frequent line outages affect the DOCR settings and cause device maloperation leading to miscoordination issues. This paper deals with optimal coordination of DOCRs for microgrids considering DG and line outages. A coordination model is proposed which involves the constraints corresponding to all N-1 contingencies, which can be a result of line / DG outage. In addition, cases of multiple fault locations are also included in the model to provide effective settings under all circumstances. The problem is modeled as a linear interval programming (ILP) problem and solved using invasive weed optimization (IWO) method. The ILP problem is stated as a sub-problem to IWO which would make it a hybrid optimizer. The proposed method is tested on 9 bus microgrid test system and results are presented.

Data analytics for statistical characterization of prices and empirical resource investment planning in Indian electricity market

Abstract: With the advent of technological developments, a large amount of data is being created and made available at every time instance. This work tries to leverage this data for useful interpretations and derives resource investment planning strategies. Data analytics can be a useful tool to understand the optimal locations, for resource investments in the grid. The study can be helpful in reducing the search space in an optimal resource investment planning problem. As a precursor data analytics study could help in forming policies that could complement a planning problem. India is a growing economy and the electric demand of the country is also increasing. There is a need to attract more investment in the generation side to meet the future loads. It is important to statistically characterize the electricity prices to find the potential investment regions in the grid. This paper gives an overview of the restructured power industry in India, the various market segments in existence and gives a detailed statistical analysis of the Day Ahead Electricity Market prices using Minitab and Statistics toolbox of MATLAB. It also discusses the operational issues like congestion management scheme followed and their effect on the area prices, that could help in empirical resource planning and policy making.

Intelligent Charging Scheduling of Plug-In Electric Vehicles and Priority Premium Determination for Users in Parking Station

Abstract: The electrification of transport is seen as one of the main pathways to achieve significant reductions in CO2 emissions. However, there are some issues related to it like, a sudden increase in electricity demand, high charging cost in dynamic price market, attending user's priority in charging his/her vehicle and the premium to be levied for such priority. In this paper, an intelligent charging strategy for Plug-in Electric Vehicle(PEV) incorporating a unified grid-to-vehicle(G2V) and vehicle-to-grid(V2G) framework with users' priority is proposed for optimal integration of PEVs in the existing distribution system. The intelligent strategy with objective function considering minimization of total charging cost, with users' priority as well as without priority is developed to study the impact of PEV integration from economic and technical perspective. The proposed strategy is implemented on test bench case consisting of 5 similar PEVs in a parking station. The uncertain parameters like PEV availability at charging station are handled using Monte-Carlo simulation. The bi-linear constraints are modified to pose the problem as a linear optimization problem. A comparative analysis is done on the charging cost with priority and without priority to investigate the economic impact of introducing users' priority. Finally, an investigative study is conducted to assign economic value to priority so the premium can be charged to users for assigning priority to their vehicles. The simulation results present a comprehensive evaluation of the proposed strategy.

Protection Scheme for Smart Distribution Networks with Inverter Interfaced Renewable Power Generating Sources

Abstract: Conventionally in distribution systems, protection is designed for radial networks, which instigates sensitivity and coordination issues with the integration of DERs. Protection switches lockout for faults in the network, which imposes outages to large areas and loss of revenue if DERs are not allowed to remain connected subsequent to a network outage. This demands new protection methodologies for smart distribution networks. The possibilities of active network management schemes, island operation opportunities and new grid codes imposes challenges in protection system design for modern distribution networks. This paper discusses an advanced protection scheme for active distribution network with high large number of DERs connected. The proposed protection scheme is investigated in a distribution feeder with large number of PV sources.