A period M of a picture of which picture coding type is I or P in a video input is changed like 2 and 3. CUR -- M shows the present number of M. MAX -- M, namely, the maximum number of M in a sequence which continues with respect to the time is equal to 3. A frame delay of MAX -- M is given to a picture (1B, 2B, or the like) of which picture coding type is B. A frame delay of (MAX -- M-CUR -- M) is given to a picture (1I, 2I, or the like) of which picture coding type is I. In this manner, a sequence of a coding order is formed and a predictive encoding is performed, thereby forming a bit stream.

Encoding apparatus and encoding method of motion image

The conventional encoding method has a problem that if a backward reproduction is to be performed on a frame-by-frame basis, it requires a forward decoding to be performed in the first place, resulting in increases of processing amounts and memories. Pictures comprising only forward predictions and those comprising only backward predictions as to frames in an encoded stream are recorded, thereby providing streams that allow a backward reproduction to be easily performed on a frame-by-frame basis. Moreover, application of this to encoding of multi-viewpoint images realizes an apparatus that can change viewpoints in real time to reproduce images.

Encoded stream recording medium, image encoding apparatus, and image decoding apparatus

PURPOSE:To execute the high efficiency encoding which is suitable for accumulation media by executing the inter-frame encoding using a motion compensation difference in the reverse direction, as well by only adding some data to motion compensation difference inter-frame encoding data used for the forward encoding. CONSTITUTION:This system is constituted of a buffer memory 1, a vector processing part 2, a decoding part 3, a frame buffer 4, a decoding part 5, a block dividing part 6, a block moving part 7, a frame buffer 8, a block gap calculating part 9, an in-gap picture element predicting part 10, a difference device 11, an encoding part 12, and an accumulation processing part 13. In this state, a dynamic vector used for the motion compensation in the forward direction is reversed, and by using this vector as the dynamic vector, the inter- frame encoding using a motion compensation difference in the reverse direction is executed. In such a way, the high efficiency encoding of a moving image for accumulation media can be executed.

Moving image encoding processing system

A conventional coding method has a problem that, for frame-by-frame reverse playback, data must be once decoded in a forward direction and thus a larger volume of data must be processed and a larger volume of memory is required. By recoding a forward predicted picture and a backward predicted picture for a frame in a bit stream, the bit stream can be played back reversely frame by frame easily. By the use of this method for multi-viewpoint video coding, a device that can play back pictures while varying the viewpoint in real time is realized.

Bit stream recording medium, video encoder, and video decoder

The period M of the pictures whose picture coding type is I or P during video input changes from 2 to 3 and vice versa. The CUR_M represents the present M number and the maximum M number MAX_M in a sequence is 3. A MAX_M frame delay is given to the pictures (1B, 2B, and so on) whose picture coding type is B and a MAX_M-CUR_M frame delay is given to the pictures (1I, 2I, and so on) whose picture coding type is I. Thus, a bit stream is formed by generating a coding order sequence and performing predictive coding.

Device and method for coding moving image

PURPOSE:To perform encoding/decoding with high efficiency by sharing a moving vector by motion compensation in forward and backward directions, attaching differential information for the backward direction on the differential information in the forward direction, and using the motion compensation both in the forward and backward directions. CONSTITUTION:The moving vectors of blocks divided by a block divider 3 and the restoring image of an (n-1)th frame are found at a motion compensation processing circuit 4, and the difference of a reference block found at a block moving circuit 5 and the block of an n-th frame is found by a subtractor 6. Also, a gap between the blocks generated when the reference block is moved in a direction opposite to the moving vector is detected at a block gap detection circuit 12, and the difference of the recovery image of the n-th frame and that of the (n-1)th frame in a gap part is found at the subtractor 6. Thus, the moving vector by the motion compensation in both the forward and backward directions can be shared, and the differential information for the backward direction is attached on the differential information in the forward direction, then, the motion compensation is used both in the forward and backward directions. Thereby, the encoding/the decoding can be performed with high efficiency.

Moving image encoding/decoding system

PURPOSE:To enable reproduction in a forward direction also in a backward direction by encoding an image other than a frame setting the decoded image of the image existing nearest to the image in the images encoded in the frame as a reference image. CONSTITUTION:For example, when a moving image is accumulated in an accumulation medium, a targeted image is encoded to the moving image in the frame with an appropriate frame interval, and the image other than that is encoded between the frames by an in-frame encoder 18 setting the decoded image of the image encoded in the frame as the reference image. In reproduction, the image encoded in the frame is decoded and displayed, and simultaneously, it is accumulated in a frame buffer 20, and the image encoded between the frames is encoded and displayed by using the reference image accumulated in the frame buffer 20 by a decoder 19. Thereby, the reproduction can be performed by using encoded data commonly in the forward and backward directions, and encoding can be performed with high efficiency.

Kamikura Kazuto

Papers

Moving image encoding processing system

Moving image encoding/decoding system

Moving image encoding and reproducing system