Nanomaterial-based electrochemical sensors and biosensors for the detection of pharmaceutical compounds

Mussel-inspired functionalization of electrochemically exfoliated graphene: Based on self-polymerization of dopamine and its suppression effect on the fire hazards and smoke toxicity of thermoplastic polyurethane.

Exosomes are nanoscale extracellular vesicles and have proven to be an effective biomarker for early cancer diagnosis. In this work, an ECL and photothermal dual-mode biosensor was fabricated for exosomes detection by utilizing emerging materials black phosphorous quantum dots (BPQDs) and MXenes as signal amplifier. To be specific, BPQDs can catalyze the oxidization of Ru(dcbpy)32+ and was for the first time used as coreactant, the prepared self-enhanced Ru(dcbpy)32+@BPQDs ECL system can produce a strong ECL signal by reducing energy loss and shortening electron transfer distance. MXenes possess large specific surface area and outstanding conductivity, which was employed as supporter to increase the immobilization amount of Ru(dcbpy)32+ and BPQDs, further enhanced ECL signal. Furthermore, BPQDs and MXenes both have excellent photothermal effect, which were dexterously used as thermal convertor device to develop photothermal biosensor for exosomes analysis. This work innovatively employed a dual-modality probe of MXenes-BPQDs to establish biosensor, which not only enriched the application of MXenes and BPQDs in biodetection but also provided an effective and reliable method for exosomes detection.

Black phosphorus quantum dots functionalized MXenes as the enhanced dual-mode probe for exosomes sensing

Engineered nanomaterials continue to stimulate wide interest in diverse disciplines including electrochemistry. Particularly, rare-earth-metal vanadate (REVO) is widely applied in the development o...

Rational Design for the Synthesis of Europium Vanadate-Encapsulated Graphene Oxide Nanocomposite: An Excellent and Efficient Catalyst for the Electrochemical Detection of Clioquinol

Two-dimensional layered nanomaterial Ti3C2TX (a member of the MXene family) was used to immobilise enzyme sarcosine oxidase to fabricate a nanostructured biosensor. The device was applied for detection of sarcosine, a potential prostate cancer biomarker, in urine for the first time. The morphology and structures of MXene have been characterised by atomic force microscopy (AFM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Electrochemical measurements, SEM and AFM analysis revealed that MXene interfaced with chitosan is an excellent support for enzyme immobilisation to fabricate a sensitive biosensor exhibiting a low detection limit of 18 nM and a linear range up to 7.8 µM. The proposed biosensing method also provides a short response time of 2 s and high recovery index of 102.6% for detection of sarcosine spiked into urine sample in a clinically relevant range.

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Ultrasensitive Ti3C2TX MXene/Chitosan Nanocomposite-Based Amperometric Biosensor for Detection of Potential Prostate Cancer Marker in Urine Samples

A non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of sialic acid based on a porphine/graphene oxide modified electrode via indicator displacement assay

A Graphene Oxide‐DNA Electrochemical Sensor Based on Glassy Carbon Electrode for Sensitive Determination of Methotrexate

A simple ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid in human urine based on MWCNTs-Pt nanoparticles as peroxidase mimics

Red fluorescent carbon dots (r‐CDs) with narrow dual emissions (600 nm and 658–683 nm, full width at half‐maximums (FWHMs) of 20 nm and 30 nm), fluorescence quantum yield of 41.0%, and yield of 83.3% are prepared by hydrothermal method using o‐phenylenediamine as precursor and inorganic oxidant as yield enhancer, and they have graphite nitrate‐like structures. The long‐wavelength side emission is aggregation‐induced emission (AIE). A logarithmic relationship between the AIE wavelength (y) and the concentration (x) (y = 8.853ln(x) + 688.53, R = 0.998) is found. This regularity and the high monochromaticity of AIE are related to the existence of highly ordered structures proved by X‐ray diffraction. Its intrinsic emission (FWHM: 20 nm) is the narrowest among the r‐CDs prepared by hydrothermal method. The reason is that the decrease of oxygen content makes the FWHMs become narrow, and the decrease of the pyridine nitrogen content and the increase of pyrrole nitrogen content make them narrower further. The Fourier‐transform infrared spectra and control experiment prove that oxidative polymerization is a necessary preparation step. The linear relationship between the amount of the oxidant and the CDs yield indicates that the yield can be increased only by increasing the conversion rate of the polymerization process.

Hydrothermal Synthesis of High‐Yield Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Ultra‐Narrow Emission by Controlled O/N Elements

A sensitive and visual molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensor incorporating CaF2 quantum dots and β-cyclodextrins for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural detection.

Kang Li

Papers

A non-enzymatic electrochemical sensor for detection of sialic acid based on a porphine/graphene oxide modified electrode via indicator displacement assay

A Graphene Oxide‐DNA Electrochemical Sensor Based on Glassy Carbon Electrode for Sensitive Determination of Methotrexate

A simple ultrasensitive electrochemical sensor for simultaneous determination of homovanillic acid and vanillylmandelic acid in human urine based on MWCNTs-Pt nanoparticles as peroxidase mimics

Hydrothermal Synthesis of High‐Yield Red Fluorescent Carbon Dots with Ultra‐Narrow Emission by Controlled O/N Elements

A sensitive and visual molecularly imprinted fluorescent sensor incorporating CaF2 quantum dots and β-cyclodextrins for 5-hydroxymethylfurfural detection.