A lithographic apparatus configured to project a patterned beam of radiation onto a target portion of a substrate is disclosed. The apparatus includes a first radiation dose detector and a second radiation dose detector, each detector comprising a secondary electron emission surface configured to receive a radiation flux and to emit secondary electrons due to the receipt of the radiation flux, the first radiation dose detector located upstream with respect to the second radiation dose detector viewed with respect to a direction of radiation transmission, and a meter, connected to each detector, to detect a current or voltage resulting from the secondary electron emission from the respective electron emission surface.

Lithographic apparatus, and device manufacturing method

A fiber optic telecommunications frame is provided including panels having front and rear termination locations, the panels positioned on left and right sides of the frame. The frame includes vertical access for the rear cables. The frame further includes left and right vertical cable guides for the front patch cables. The frame further includes cable storage spools for the patch cables. The frame includes a horizontal passage linking the left and right panels and the cable guides. A portion of the frame defines splice tray holders and a central passage from the splice tray holders to the rear sides of the left and right panels. From a front of each panel, access to a rear of the panel is provided by the hinged panels. Alternatively, the panels can form connector modules with front termination locations and rear connection locations for connecting to the rear cables. The modules can house couplers, such as splitters, combiners, and wave division multiplexers. The termination locations can be located on the same side of the frame as the splice tray holders, or on an opposite side. An enclosure of the frame included hinged or otherwise moveable panels to allow access to the terminations or the splice trays.

Optical fiber distribution frame with outside plant enclosure

A telecommunications cabinet includes a cabinet housing; a fiber optic splitter; a plurality of spools disposed on a cable management surface; a panel oriented at a fixed angle relative to the access opening so that the panel extends laterally and rearwardly between the access opening and the cable management surface; and a plurality of adapters disposed on the panel.

Telecommunications connection cabinet

A fiber optic connector holder is sized to fit within an opening for mounting a fiber optic adapter. The fiber optic connector holder is configured to permit a fiber optic connector with a dust cap positioned about a ferrule and a polished end face of an optical fiber held by the ferrule to be inserted within and releasably held by the connector holder. A system for holding fiber optic connectors includes a fiber optic connector holder mounted within an opening in a bulkhead for mounting a fiber optic adapter. The fiber optic connector holder is configured to receive a fiber optic connector with a dust cap mounted about a ferrule and polished end face of an optical fiber held by the ferrule. A optical fiber connector may be held to a bulkhead when the fiber optic connector includes a dust cap mounted about a ferrule and a polished end face of an optical fiber held by the ferrule.

Fiber optic connector holder and method

Interconnect cabinets for optical fibers include an enclosure and a splitter and termination panel mounted in the enclosure. The splitter has a plurality of optical fiber-connectorized pigtails extending therefrom. Each of the connectorized pigtails is associated with an optical fiber feeder cable to be coupled to a central office. The termination panel has a plurality of optical fiber connection members, ones of which are associated with respective subscriber locations. The connectorized pigtails have a cable length sufficient to allow connection to the plurality of connection members.

Optical fiber interconnect cabinets, termination modules and fiber connectivity management for the same

A camera with an automatic focusing device has an objective lens mounted on a camera. An image formed by the objective lens is divided into a plurality of zones. In each zone, a brightness distribution is obtained so as to detect a rough focusing condition in each zone, thereby producing a plurality of rough focusing condition data. Based on the result of the rough focusing condition data, one zone is selected. Furthermore, a precise focusing condition is detected in the selected zone based on the light contained in the selected zone, so as produce a precise focusing condition data. Based on the precise focusing condition data obtained from the selected zone, the objective lens is driven to an infocus condition.

Automatic focus detection system

A camera with a multi-zone focus detecting device has an objective lens mounted on a camera. An image formed by the objective lens is divided into a plurality of zones. In each zone, a focusing condition is detected based on the image formed by the objective lens so as to produce a plurality of focusing condition data. Based on the result of the focusing conditions, one zone is selected. Furthermore, a light which has passed through the objective lens is measured separately in each zone so as to produce a plurality of measured light data. Based on a focusing condition data obtained from the selected zone, the objective lens is driven to an infocus condition. When the objective lens is driven to the infocus condition, a measured light data obtained from the selected zone is used for calculating exposure data with which the exposure is controlled.

Camera with a multi-zone focus detecting device

PURPOSE: To improve the focusing precision of a photographic lens by positioning a line sensor in front of the maximum contrast position of an image formed through a condenser lens and image relenses CONSTITUTION: Light beams L and L' passing through image re-forming lenses 8 and 10 far away from their center positions are in a large distance from an image point at a point A and bring about asymmetric aberrations This focus detection system of a camera detects the correlation between two images on condition that images of the same subject formed through the lenses 8 and 10 on line sensors 12 and 14 consisting of arrays of photodetection cells a1Wa10 and b1Wb16 are in the same direction, said aberrations are inverted in direction through the lenses 8 and 10, thereby deciding that even the same spot image is different images after arithmetic A point B is the maximum contrast position of the image, and a spot image at a point C before it has a concentric, circular illuminance distribution and is nondirectional, so the line sensors 12 and 14 are only positioned to obtain the same effect as obtained by inserting a low-pass filter, eliminating a failure in decision making COPYRIGHT: (C)1985,JPO&Japio

Focus detector of camera

In a focus condition detecting device wherein an object image formed by an objective lens of a camera is re-imaged as first and second images on first and second photocell arrays through a pair of re-imaging lenses, a pair of plano-convex lenses are used as the re-imaging lenses to improve the accuracy of focus condition detection. The device is formed into a module and the plano-convex lenses are formed on a transparent plate supported on a main body of the module. An extremely thin masking member for blocking a part of light rays incident on the plano-convex lenses to form the first and second images is sandwiched between the transparent plate and a surface of the module main body. This arrangement prevents the masking member from rising and/or warping which otherwise causes inconsistency in luminous levels between the first and second images on the first and second photocell arrays. Various examples of the arrangement of the masking member to prevent its rising and/or warping are proposed.

Focus condition detecting device for cameras

A focus condition detecting device for a camera is disclosed. The device provides first and second image sensors for calculating correlations between images each having passed through an objective lens of the camera. A plurality of image detecting blocks are defined on the first image sensor in order to execute correlation calculations with respect to each block for detecting focus conditions. A focus condition which indicates the focus condition among those obtained from the correlation calculations with use of each block is employed as the most probable focus condition. In the present invention, correlation calculations unnecessary for finding the rearmost focus condition are omitted.

Karasaki Toshihiko

Papers

Automatic focus detection system

Camera with a multi-zone focus detecting device

Focus detector of camera

Focus condition detecting device for cameras

Focus condition detecting device using weighted center or contrast evaluation