The interpretation of the Koran in modern Egypt

5

الكتاب عبارة عن مقاربة تحليلية للفكر الغائى الأخلاقى عند فخر الدين الرازي، وهو في الأصل أطروحة دكتوراه قدمها المؤلف قبل سنوات بجامعة أكسفورد. وتروم هذه الدراسة إثارة الفضول إلى المزيد من البحث في فكر الرازي عموما، باعتباره أحد أهم الباحثين في الأخلاق في التاريخ الإسلامي، وأحد المفكرين الأكثر تأثيرا، لكن الأقل تناولا الأخلاقى، برزت خلالها مجموعة من النظريات الآخلاقية المتباينة، عند الفلاسفة والمتكلمين خاصة., إذ أن أبرز ما أثار اهتمام مدرسة المتكلمين الكلاسيكية في مجال الأخلاقيات البحث في طبيعة العدل الإلهي وأفعاله الحيرة بصفة عامة، بينما اهتم الفلاسفة بموضوعات من قبيل تغير الطبع البشري، والبحث فى الخصائص الفردية الداخلية، إلى جانب المناقشات الفقهية التى ركزت على العمل، واهتمت بوضع المبادئ المعيارية العامة للسلوك البشري. في هذا الإطارء وفي خضم المناظرات والمناقشات الفكرية التي ميزت تلك الفترة، فتح فخر الدين الرازي الأبواب على مصاريعها لتبادل فكري أكثر حرية، بل ساهم في الاندماج بين الكلام والفلسفة. وقد ظهر ذلك جليا فى مباحثه الأخلاقية أكثر من مجالات أخرى فى فكره.
وتعد هذه الدراسة تحليلا لفهم أهم أوجه فكر الرازي، ونظريته الأخلاقية، وكشفا عن أهم التوجهات والمناقشات حول تراثه الفكري الواسع في الوقت نفسه. كما يتبين من خلالها أن الرازي وضع أسس نظرية أخلاقية متطورة

Al-Akhlāqiyyāt al-ghā'iyya 'ind Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī (Arabic translation of The Teleological Ethics of Fakhr al-Dīn al-Rāzī)

https://www.mdpi.com/2077-1444/12/7/529/pdf

Speech Genres and Interpretation of the Qur’an

Dialectics Not Dualities: Contemporary Turkish Muslim Thought in Dialogue

There are at least two kinds of historicism that are relevant to Islamic legal reform, one rooted in a progressive theory of history, the other rooted in history as a source for textual interpretation. The latter has the potential to garner greater support for progressive legal change insofar as it falls squarely within the well-known jurisprudential concept known as takhṣīs al-ʿāmm (specification of the general term). In this article, I explore this reform strategy by analyzing a well-known Prophetic ḥadīth that is traditionally understood as excluding women from holding political office. By exploring literary history, Islamic legal hermeneutics, and substantive Islamic law, I demonstrate that, in this particular case, substantial egalitarian reform can be justified without fundamental changes to traditional Islamic theological doctrines. While no one rhetorical strategy offers a “magic bullet” for creating a more gender-egalitarian version of Islamic law, in my view, progressive Muslim reformers should exhaust possibilities for reform implicit in traditional methods before introducing arguments outside of that tradition - arguments which, by their nature, raise controversial theological questions that may be more intractable than the legal rules that are the object of the desired reform.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/SSRN_ID1712968_code787797.pdf?abstractid=1712968&type=2

Is Historicism a Viable Strategy for Islamic Law Reform? The Case of 'Never Shall a Folk Prosper Who Have Appointed a Woman to Rule Them'

This book explores how medieval and modern Muslim religious scholars ('ulamā') interpret gender roles in Qur'ānic verses on legal testimony, marriage, and human creation. Citing these verses, medieval scholars developed increasingly complex laws and interpretations upholding a male-dominated gender hierarchy; aspects of their interpretations influence religious norms and state laws in Muslim-majority countries today, yet other aspects have been discarded entirely. Karen Bauer traces the evolution of their interpretations, showing how they have been adopted, adapted, rejected, or replaced over time, by comparing the Qur'ān with a wide range of Qur'ānic commentaries and interviews with prominent religious scholars from Iran and Syria. At times, tradition is modified in unexpected ways: learned women argue against gender equality, or Grand Ayatollahs reject sayings of the Prophet, citing science instead. This innovative and engaging study highlights the effects of social and intellectual contexts on the formation of tradition, and on modern responses to it.

Gender Hierarchy in the Qur'ān: Medieval Interpretations, Modern Responses

Introduction 1. Women's testimony and the gender hierarchy 2. Modern readings of women's testimony 3. From a single soul: women and men in creation 4. Contemporary reinterpretations of the creation narrative 5. Who does the housework? The ethics and etiquette of marriage 6. The marital hierarchy today Conclusion.

Gender hierarchy in the Qurʾān : medieval interpretations, modern responses

Notions of justice and gender egalitarianism are central to the debates on the status of women in the Qur’an today; however authors differ in their definitions of the terms of justice and egalitarianism. Some argue that egalitarianism is located in the spiritual realm, while marital hierarchies are natural. Others interpret the text to embody egalitarianism in all realms. A third group holds complete equality as an ideal, but admits to the text's hierarchical elements. This article examines these scholarly debates, and addresses the question of whether the Qur’an treats men and women equally. I propose that gender equality is not a central concern of the Qur’?n.

The Male Is Not Like the Female (Q 3:36): The Question of Gender Egalitarianism in the Qur’?n

Gender Hierarchy in the Qurʾān

This article traces the archetypical development of emotion from individual feeling to collective action by focusing on conversion and kinship as recorded in the Qur'an and the oldest extant biogra...

Karen Bauer

Papers

Gender Hierarchy in the Qur'ān: Medieval Interpretations, Modern Responses

Gender hierarchy in the Qurʾān : medieval interpretations, modern responses

The Male Is Not Like the Female (Q 3:36): The Question of Gender Egalitarianism in the Qur’?n

Gender Hierarchy in the Qurʾān

The Emotions of Conversion and Kinship in the Qur'an and the Sīra of Ibn Isḥāq