Historical trauma as public narrative: a conceptual review of how history impacts present-day health.

Background Government, industry and charitable organisations have an increasing focus on programs intended to support community resilience to disasters. But has consensus been reached as to what defines 'community resilience' and what its core characteristics are? Methods We undertook a systematic literature review of definitions of community resilience related to disasters. We conducted an inductive thematic analysis of the definitions and descriptions that we identified, in order to determine the proposed characteristics of community resilience prior to, during and after a disaster. Results We identified 80 relevant papers. There was no evidence of a common, agreed definition of community resilience. In spite of this, evidence was found of nine core elements of community resilience that were common among the definitions. The core elements were: local knowledge, community networks and relationships, communication, health, governance and leadership, resources, economic investment, preparedness, and mental outlook. Within these core elements, we identified 19 sub-elements linked to community resilience. Conclusion Our findings show that community resilience remains an amorphous concept that is understood and applied differently by different research groups. Yet in spite of the differences in conception and application, there are well-understood elements that are widely proposed as important for a resilient community. A focus on these individual elements may be more productive than attempting to define and study community resilience as a distinct concept.

What Do We Mean by ‘Community Resilience’? A Systematic Literature Review of How It Is Defined in the Literature

ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Introduction: Restoring Life to Its Original Difficulty Part One: Repetition and the Genesis of Hermeneutics CHAPTER I. Repetition and Kinesis: Kierkegaard on the Foundering of Metaphysics CHAPTER II. Repetition and Constitution: HusserlOs Proto-Hermeneutics CHAPTER III. Retrieval and the Circular Being of Dasein: Hermeneutics in Being and Time Part Two: Deconstruction and the Radicalization of Hermeneutics CHAPTER IV. Hermeneutics after Being and Time CHAPTER V. Repetition and the Emancipation of Signs: Derrida on Husserl CHAPTER VI. Hermes and the Dispatches from Being: Derrida on Heidegger CHAPTER VII. Cold Hermeneutics: Heidegger/Derrida Part Three: The Hermenuatic Project CHAPTER VIII. Toward a Postmetaphysical Rationality CHAPTER IX. Toward an Ethics of Dissemination CHAPTER X. Openess to the Mystery List of Abbreviations Notes Index

Eradication/Reification: Or, What's so Radical about Radical Hermeneutics?@@@Radical Hermeneutics: Repetition, Deconstruction, and the Hermeneutic Project

Community resilience has been addressed across multiple disciplines including environmental sciences, engineering, sociology, psychology, and economics. Interest in community resilience gained momentum following several key natural and human-caused hazards in the United States and worldwide. To date, a comprehensive community resilience model that encompasses the performance of all the physical and socio-economic components from immediate impact through the recovery phase of a natural disaster has not been available. This paper summarizes a literature review of previous community resilience studies with a focus on natural hazards, which includes primarily models of individual infrastructure systems, their interdependencies, and community economic and social systems. A series of national and international initiatives aimed at community resilience are also summarized in this study. This paper suggests extensions of existing modeling methodologies aimed at developing an improved, integrated understanding of resilience that can be used by policy-makers in preparation for future events.

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State of the research in community resilience: progress and challenges.

Attachment to place may contribute to individuals’ well-being. We evaluated whether visualizing a place of attachment (compared with visualizing a nonattached familiar place) could increase the satisfaction of key psychological needs. Place attachment visualizations increased participants’ levels of self-esteem, meaning, and belonging. Furthermore, visualizing places at a certain geographical scale helped to improve meaning, self-esteem, and belonging among participants who had been ostracized. This is the first study to treat place attachment as an independent variable in an experimental design, so it broadens the options for internally valid, methodologically diverse place attachment research.

Place Attachment Enhances Psychological Need Satisfaction

In this paper we draw on the findings of a critical, multi-sited ethnographic study of two rural communities affected by a wildfire in British Columbia, Canada to examine the salience of place, identity, and social capital to the disaster recovery process and community disaster resilience. We argue that a reconfiguration of disaster recovery is required that more meaningfully considers the role of place in the disaster recovery process and opens up the space for a more reflective and intentional consideration of the disorientation and disruption associated with disasters and our organized response to that disorientation. We describe a social-psychological process, reorientation, in which affected individuals and communities navigate the psychological, social and emotional responses to the symbolic and material changes to social and geographic place that result from the fire's destruction. The reorientation process emphasizes the critical importance of place not only as an orienting framework in recovery but also as the ground upon which social capital and community disaster resilience are built. This approach to understanding and responding to the disorientation of disasters has implications for community psychologists and other service providers engaged in supporting disaster survivors. This includes the need to consider the complex dynamic of contextual and cultural factors that influence the disaster recovery process.

Karen-Marie Elah Perry

Papers

Like a Fish Out of Water: Reconsidering Disaster Recovery and the Role of Place and Social Capital in Community Disaster Resilience