Acknowledgments Preface Introduction 1. Methods of investigation 2. Thermodynamic fundamentals 3. Mechanisms of oxidation 4. Oxidation of pure metals 5. Oxidation of alloys 6. Oxidation by oxidants other than oxygen 7. Reactions of metals in mixed environments 8. Hot corrosion 9. Erosion-corrosion of metals in oxidizing atmospheres 10. Protective coatings 11. Atmosphere control for the protection of metals during production processes Appendix A. Solution to Fick's second law for a semi-infinite solid Appendix B. Rigorous derivation of the kinetics of internal oxidation Appendix C. Effects of impurities on oxide defect structure Index.

Introduction to the high-temperature oxidation of metals

Properties of Rutile (Titanium Dioxide)

Introduction, H.J.M. Bouwmeester and P.J. Gellings Principles of Electrochemistry, H. Gerischer Solid State Background, I. Abrahams and P.G. Bruce Interface Electrical Phenomena in Ionic Solids, J. Nowotny Defect Chemistry in Solid State Electrochemistry, J. Schoonman Survey of Types of Solid Electrolytes, T. Kudo Electrochemistry of Mixed Ionic-Electronic Conductors, I. Riess Electrodics, I. Riess and J. Schoonman Principles of Main Experimental Methods, W. Weppner Electrochemical Sensors, P. Fabry and E. Siebert Solid State Batteries, C. Julien Solid Oxide Fuel Cells, A. Hammou and J. Guindet Electrocatalysis and Electrochemical Reactors, C.G. Vayenas and S. Bebelis Dense Ceramic Membranes for Oxygen Separation, H.J.M. Bouwmeester and A.J. Burggraaf Corrosion Studies, J.H.W. de Wit and T. Fransen Electrochromism and Electrochromic Devices, G.C. Granqvist Index

The CRC handbook of solid state electrochemistry

This article reviews the transport of atoms through crystalline solids under the influence of external electric fields, chemical and isotopic concentration gradients and thermal gradients. The main emphasis is on the statistical and thermodynamic description of these phenomena via the theory of mobile lattice imperfections - vacancies and interstitial atoms. In discussing the various phenomena in detail (§ 5) extensive use is made of non-equilibrium thermodynamics as providing a convenient general formalism. Particular attention is given wherever possible to the physical interpretation of the descriptions provided by this formalism. An introductory survey of the properties of vacancies and interstitials in relation to diffusion phenomena is given in § 2. This includes a summary of the various defect models applicable to different solids - metals, ionic solids, semiconductors and insulators. Section 3 deals in greater detail with certain necessary aspects of the statistical thermodynamics of solids containing defects. Section 4 briefly summarizes the basic theory of non-equilibrium thermodynamics, oriented towards matter transport in crystalline solids; attention is drawn to several pitfalls in this approach. Finally, § 5 is the main object of the review; it applies the material developed in §§ 3 and 4. This section deals with (i) isothermal diffusion in metal alloys, including chemical diffusion, and isotopic tracer diffusion, particular attention being given to dilute systems, (ii) electrolytic conductivity, ionic mobility and both solute and solvent diffusion in ionic solids, special attention being given to the relation between these quantities and to a generalized form of the Nernst-Einstein relation, (iii) the Soret effect and thermal diffusion, especially in metals and dilute alloys, and (iv) thermoelectric phenomena in ionic solids. The article does not deal with grain boundary or surface diffusion and does not specifically discuss diffusion-controlled chemical reactions, sintering or creep. Discussions of these aspects of the subject are given in the works listed in the bibliography.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0034-4885/27/1/305/pdf

Matter transport in solids

The mechanistic description of gas sensing on inorganic, organic, and polymeric materials is of great scientific and technological interest. The understanding of surface and bulk reactions responsible for gas-sensing effects will lead to increased selectivity and sensitivity in the chemical determination of gases and thus to the development of better sensors. In recent years, spectroscopic tools have been developed to follow the physicochemical processes taking place in an active sensing element in real time and under operating conditions. Thus, the monitoring of the processes in "living" gas sensors is no longer an unsolvable problem. This Review gives an overview of in situ and operando spectroscopic techniques for the study of gas-sensing mechanisms on solid-state sensors.

Karl Hauffe

Papers

Reaktionen in und an festen Stoffen

Oxydation von Metallen und Metallegierungen

Adsorption: Eine Einführung in die Probleme der Adsorption

On the Mechanism of Formation of Thin Oxide Layers on Nickel

Passivierende Filme und Deckschichten Anlaufschichten