The growth of a vapor bubble in a superheated liquid is controlled by three factors: the inertia of the liquid, the surface tension, and the vapor pressure. As the bubble grows, evaporation takes place at the bubble boundary, and the temperature and vapor pressure in the bubble are thereby decreased. The heat inflow requirement of evaporation, however, depends on the rate of bubble growth, so that the dynamic problem is linked with a heat diffusion problem. Since the heat diffusion problem has been solved, a quantitative formulation of the dynamic problem can be given. A solution for the radius of the vapor bubble as a function of time is obtained which is valid for sufficiently large radius. This asymptotic solution covers the range of physical interest since the radius at which it becomes valid is near the lower limit of experimental observation. It shows the strong effect of heat diffusion on the rate of bubble growth. Comparison of the predicted radius‐time behavior is made with experimental observations in superheated water, and very good agreement is found.

The growth of vapor bubbles in superheated liquids. report no. 26-6

Experimental thermodynamic evaluation for a single stage heat transformer prototype build with commercial PHEs

This chapter is concerned with the properties of gases and liquids (primarily water) relevant to Environmental Physics. Physical properties of gases such as density, heat capacity, and molecular diffusivity influence many of the exchanges between organisms or land surfaces and their environment. Evaporation of water from soils, plants, and animals is also important for their heat balance. Basic equations are developed here to specify the Equation of State of gases and the principles by which the state of liquid water can be specified‘ in organisms and soil. These principles will be applied in later chapters.

Properties of Gases and Liquids

The collected works

Hydrodynamics and mass transfer characteristics in gas–liquid flow through a rectangular microchannel

Wärme- und Stoffübertragung

A model for correlating mass transfer data at gas evolving electrodes

Local microprocesses at gas-evolving electrodes and their influence on mass transfer

High-pressure phase equilibria of the system CO2—water—acetone measured with a new apparatus

Some of the convective heat and mass transfer processes with phase change that we will deal with in the following have already been explained in the previous chapters. This includes the evaporation of a liquid at the interface between a gas and a liquid or the sublimation at a gas-solid interface. They can be described using the methods for convective heat and mass transfer.

Karl Stephan

Papers

Wärme- und Stoffübertragung

A model for correlating mass transfer data at gas evolving electrodes

Local microprocesses at gas-evolving electrodes and their influence on mass transfer

High-pressure phase equilibria of the system CO2—water—acetone measured with a new apparatus

Convective heat and mass transfer. Flows with phase change