A plurality of computer nodes communicate using seemingly random Internet Protocol source and destination addresses. Data packets matching criteria defined by a moving window of valid addresses are accepted for further processing, while those that do not meet the criteria are quickly rejected. Improvements to the basic design include (1) a load balancer that distributes packets across different transmission paths according to transmission path quality; (2) a DNS proxy server that transparently creates a virtual private network in response to a domain name inquiry; (3) a large-to-small link bandwidth management feature that prevents denial-of-service attacks at system chokepoints; (4) a traffic limiter that regulates incoming packets by limiting the rate at which a transmitter can be synchronized with a receiver; and (5) a signaling synchronizer that allows a large number of nodes to communicate with a central node by partitioning the communication function between two separate entities.

Agile network protocol for secure communications with assured system availability

A method of controlling an operation of a robotically-controlled surgical instrument can include receiving a first input signal at a controller indicative of a user's readiness to actuate the surgical instrument to perform a surgical procedure, outputting an output signal from the controller to provide feedback to the user in response to the received first input signal, receiving a second input signal at the controller confirming the user's readiness to actuate the surgical instrument, outputting an actuation signal from the controller in response to receiving the second input signal, and actuating the surgical instrument to perform the surgical procedure based on the actuation signal.

Positive control of robotic surgical instrument end effector

A surgical tool having an elongated shaft having a proximal end and distal end. A surgical end effector is located about the distal end. The surgical end effector has a plurality of effector mechanisms comprising a plurality of degree of freedoms. An effector body is located at the proximal end. The effector body includes a plurality of motor interfaces for driving the plurality of effector mechanisms. A transmission is coupled to the effector body

Surgical Instrument with Shiftable Transmission

A sports electronic training system, and applications thereof, are disclosed. In an embodiment, the system comprises at least one monitor and an electronic processing device for receiving data from the at least one monitor and providing feedback to an individual based on the received data. The monitor can be a motion monitor that measures an individual's performance such as, for example, speed, pace and distance for a runner.

Sports Electronic Training System, and Applications Thereof

A secure domain name service for a computer network is disclosed that includes a portal connected to a computer network, such as the Internet, and a domain name database connected to the computer network through the portal. The portal authenticates a query for a secure computer network address, and the domain name database stores secure computer network addresses for the computer network. Each secure computer network address is based on a non-standard top-level domain name, such as .scom, .sorg, .snet, .snet, .sedu, .smil and .sint.

Agile network protocol for secure communications using secure domain names

A program parallelizing apparatus for generating from a source program to be executed an object program which is capable of being processed in parallel by a plurality of processors constituting a multi-processor which includes a communication mechanism for allowing inter-processor communication and a synchronization mechanism for allowing the processings to proceed in parallel among the processor through coordination. Object programs susceptible to parallel processing by the multi-processor system with high efficiency can be generated at a high speed in correspondence to various source programs universally independent of the types of processors.

Program parallelizing apparatus capable of optimizing processing time

In a master-slave manipulator system capable of presenting an obstacle and a limit to an operating range as a force feed-back with no use of a motor in an operation input device and having high reliability, a small size and good operability, the system comprises a manipulator having an arm, an operation input device for moving the arm of the manipulator, and a controller for controlling the manipulator and the operation input device, and the operation input device is provided on joints with a mode change-over mechanism having three modes: of which, in a first mode, power is not transmitted; in a second mode, power is transmitted in one direction and is not transmitted in a reverse direction thereof; and in a third mode, power is transmitted in the reverse direction and is not transmitted in the one direction, selecting one of the above modes and changing over from one mode to the selected mode.

Master-slave manipulator system and this operation input devcies

A circuit board includes at least one circuit-­conductor layer (1, 4), a ground layer (2) and a power source layer (3) superposed in a multilayer form and each layer insulated through dielectric layers (5) there­between. A heat conduction through inside of the circuit board is enhanced so that circuit chips (12) mounted on the circuit board can be cooled down to a level capable of operating normally. The circuit board can be formed to be compact. In order to enhance the heat transfer in the circuit board, at least one of the ground layer (2) and power source layer (3) is formed in a multilayer manner. It is preferable to form these layers at a thickness larger than that of the circuit-conductor layer (1, 4). Further, preferably, the pin (9, 11) of the chip (12) mounted on the board and at least one of the ground layers (2) and power supply layer (3) are connected to each other in such a manner as to enhance the heat conduction.

Circuit board, electronic circuit chip-mounted circuit board and circuit board apparatus

A circuit board includes a circuit-conductor layer, a ground layer and a power source layer superposed in a multilayer form through dielectric layers therebetween. A heat conduction through inside of the circuit board is enhanced so that circuit chips mounted on the circuit board can be cooled down to a level capable of operating normally. The circuit board can be formed to be compact. In order to enhance the heat transfer in the circuit board, at least one of the ground layer and power source layer is formed in a multilayer manner. It is preferable to form these layers at a thickness larger than that of the circuit-conductor layer. Further, preferably, the pin of the chip mounted on the board and at least one of the ground layer and power supply layer are connected to each other in such a manner as to enhance the heat conduction.

Circuit board capable of efficiently conducting heat through an inside thereof using thermal lands surrounding through-hole connections

A method of automatically determining an order of transmitting a packet for a local area network using the CSMA/CD protocol. In transmitting a packet from an arbitrary station I on the local area network while another station P is transmitting a packet, the packet of the station I is automatically classified into three cases. The first, denoted by letter [A]a packet whose transmission process is not completed, is at the station I before a requested time if transmission starts after the transmission packet of the other station P is transmitted completely. The second, denoted by letter [B], is a packet whose transmission process does not completed at the station I before a requested time if transmission of another station Q is permitted after the transmission packet of the other station P is transmitted completely. The third, denoted by letter [C], is a packet which does not belong to cases [A] and [B]. A transmission process of the packet is performed in accordance with the classification result.

Kazuhiro Umekita

Papers

Program parallelizing apparatus capable of optimizing processing time

Master-slave manipulator system and this operation input devcies

Circuit board, electronic circuit chip-mounted circuit board and circuit board apparatus

Circuit board capable of efficiently conducting heat through an inside thereof using thermal lands surrounding through-hole connections

Method of automatically determining a transmission order of packet in a local area network and apparatus for same