This work describes the improvements on exhaust emissions and cold start obtained through utilization of a new type of cold-start auxiliary system for ethanol-fueled engines. Lower amounts of the gasoline used to help cold start and of ethanol injected during cold start and warm-up were used via introduction of a fuel injector in the new cold-start auxiliary system. The redesigned system allowed for faster and uniform cold start, in comparison to the conventional system, of around 31.1%. Reductions of raw hydrocarbon and carbon monoxide emissions in the cold stage of the FTP-75-based emissions test cycle were about 8.6 and 17.2%, respectively, while oxides of nitrogen and aldehyde emissions remained unchanged.

Reducing exhaust emissions in ethanol-fueled engines during cold start

Improving Cold Start Emissions from an Ethanol-Fuelled Engine through an Electronic Gasoline Injector

Optimized Cold Start Auxiliary System for Emissions Reduction in Ethanol-Fuelled Engines

Formaldehyde was experimentally confirmed to be formed in a diluted exhaust gas from a methanol-fueled spark ignition engine by ultraviolet irradiation. For exhaust gases released into the air from an ethanol-fueled engine, formations of acetaldehyde and formaldehyde took place due to the phtochemical reaction. The amount of aldehydes formation as well as alkylnitrite, methyl-product from an ethanol engine emission is C1-nitrate, under the condition of ultraviolet exposure and high dilution with air.

Photochemical Reaction of the Exhaust Gas from an Alcohol-fueled Engine : Formation of Aldehydes

Formaldenhyde was experimentally confirmed to be formed in a diluted exhaust gas from a methanol-fueled spark ignition engine by ultraviolet irradiation. For exhaust gases released into the air from an ethanol-fueled engine, formation of acetaldehyde took place due to photochemical reaction. The amount of aldehydes formation cannot be negligible as well as that of alkylnitrate methylnitrate or ethylnitrate. The important secondary product from an ethanol engine emission is CL-nitrate, under the conditions of ultraviolet exposure and high dilution with air.

Kenichi Ito

Papers

Photochemical Reaction of the Exhaust Gas from an Alcohol-fueled Engine : Formation of Aldehydes

Photochemical reaction of the exhaust gas from an alcohol-fueled engine. FOrmation of aldehydes.