Showing papers by "Kenji Matsumoto published in 2023"
TL;DR: The role of trophoblast pattern recognition receptors (PRRs) in protecting pregnant mothers and fetuses from pathogenic microorganisms even while permitting the mother to tolerate the semi-allogenic fetus is discussed in this paper .
3 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors explored the efficacy and feasibility of a combination of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YIT 0132 (LP0132) and oral immunotherapy for treating IgE-mediated cow milk allergy (CMA).
Abstract: Safer and more effective cow milk (CM)-oral immunotherapy that does not induce allergic reactions has not yet been standardised. We sought to explore the efficacy and feasibility of a combination of heat-killed Lactiplantibacillus plantarum YIT 0132 (LP0132) and oral immunotherapy for treating IgE-mediated cow milk allergy (CMA). We conducted a 24-week, double-blind, randomised (1:1), two-arm, parallel-group, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial of LP0132 intervention for treating IgE-mediated CMA in children aged 1-18 years (n=60) from January 29, 2018 to July 12, 2019 in Tokyo, Japan. Participants were randomly assigned to the LP0132 group receiving citrus juice fermented with LP0132 or to the control group receiving citrus juice without. Both groups received low-dose slow oral immunotherapy with CM. The primary outcome was improved tolerance to CM, proven by the CM challenge test at 24 weeks. Secondary outcomes were changes in serum biomarkers of serum-specific β-lactoglobulin-IgE (sIgE) and β-lactoglobulin-IgG4 (sIgG4). Exploratory outcomes included changes in serum cytokine levels and gut microbiota composition. A total of 61 participants were included. Finally, 31 children were assigned to the LP0132 group and 30 to the control group, respectively. After the intervention, 41.4 and 37.9% of the participants in the LP0132 and control groups, respectively, showed improved tolerance to CM. In serum biomarkers after the intervention, the sIgG4 level was significantly higher, and interleukin (IL)-5 and IL-9 were significantly lower, in the LP0132 group than in the control group. In the gut microbiome, the α-diversity and Lachnospiraceae increased significantly in the LP0132 group, and Lachnospiraceae after the intervention was significantly higher in the LP0132 group than in the control group. In conclusion, low-dose oral immunotherapy with modulating gut microbiota might be a safer and more effective approach for treating cow's milk allergy.
1 citations
10 Jan 2023
TL;DR: In this article , a heterogeneous platinum-catalyzed oxidative α,β-C(sp3)−H dual functionalization of saturated cyclic amines is presented.
Abstract: With the aim of providing an efficient platform for the one-step construction of nitrogen-containing polycyclic frameworks, we report a heterogeneous platinum-catalyzed oxidative α,β-C(sp3)−H dual functionalization of saturated cyclic amines. This method involves a tandem oxidative dehydrogenation/hetero Diels-Alder reaction under aerobic mild conditions, providing tetracyclic octahydro-dipyrroloquinoline frameworks in good yields. The reaction was applied to the synthesis of natural products incargranine B aglycone and seneciobipyrrolidine in one step. This study provides efficient and rapid access to nitrogen-containing fused tetracyclic compounds in a highly atom-economical fashion.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors evaluated the clinical factors associated with the outcome of tonsillectomy in children with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis.
Abstract: To evaluate the clinical factors associated with the outcome of tonsillectomy in children with periodic fever, aphthous stomatitis, pharyngitis, and cervical adenitis (PFAPA) syndrome, thereby clarifying who would most likely benefit from that surgery.
1 citations
TL;DR: In this article , the authors investigated whether laundry detergents directly induce airway inflammation and its mechanisms in vivo remain to be elucidated, and they concluded that cleaning work and frequent use of cleaning products are risk factors for asthma.
Abstract: Epidemiological studies demonstrated that cleaning work and frequent use of cleaning products are risk factors for asthma. Laundry detergents have been reported to have epithelial barrier‐opening effects. However, whether laundry detergents directly induce airway inflammation and its mechanisms in vivo remain to be elucidated.
TL;DR: In this paper , the authors conducted a retrospective cohort study of crustacean-avoidant adults by telephone interview based on the diagnostic criteria for adult food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) reported by González et al.
Abstract: Food-protein-induced enterocolitis syndrome (FPIES) is increasingly seen in adults. FPIES requires different treatment from immediate-type food allergy (FA) in emergency medicine. However, no comparison of the clinical presentations of these diseases has been reported.To compare the clinical presentations and causative crustaceans of adult FPIES and FA using a standardized questionnaire and to thereby lay the groundwork for establishing an algorithm that distinguishes those diseases.We conducted a retrospective cohort study of crustacean-avoidant adults by telephone interview based on the diagnostic criteria for adult FPIES reported by González et al. to compare the clinical features and crustacean intake-status between FPIES and FA.Eight (11%) of 73 adult patients with crustacean allergy were diagnosed with FPIES; 53 (73%) patients had FA. Compared with the FA patients, the FPIES patients had a longer latency period (p<0.01), more episodes (p=0.02), longer duration of symptoms (p=0.04), and more-frequent abdominal distention (p=0.02) and severe colic pain (p=0.02). Half of the FPIES patients experienced fear of death during an episode. Panulirus japonicus (Japanese spiny lobster) and Homarus weber (lobster) were significantly-common FPIES-causing foods. A statistically significant 62.5% of FPIES patients were able to ingest some type of crustacean.FPIES and FA can be clearly differentiated by the abdominal symptoms, latency period, and duration of episodes. Furthermore, some FPIES patients do not necessarily need to avoid all crustaceans. Our findings lay the groundwork for establishing an algorithm that distinguishes FPIES from FA in adults.
20 Jun 2023-Nihon Shoni Arerugi Gakkaishi. The Japanese Journal of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunollogy
TL;DR: In this article , the authors describe a scenario where a group of people are trying to find a suitable solution to a problem: "unknown unknown problem" and "unknown problem" (unknown problem).
Abstract: 長年にわたる基礎的，臨床的な病態解明研究の積み重ねと，昨今の医薬品開発技術の進歩により，疾患の病態メカニズムに基づいた治療薬の開発が可能になりつつある．病態形成に関与する特定の分子を標的として開発された治療薬を分子標的薬と呼び，主に細胞外分子（細胞膜上の受容体やサイトカイン等の液性因子等）を標的としたモノクローナル抗体等の高分子化合物と，主に細胞内分子（細胞内のシグナル伝達分子等）を標的としたJAK阻害剤やPDE4阻害剤等の低分子化合物が存在する．分子標的薬は病態に関与する特定の分子を標的にするため，従来の治療では治癒できなかった症例においても，症状の劇的な改善につながることも多い．一方で，アレルギー疾患は均一な疾患ではなく，ヘテロな集団で構成されているため，特定の分子標的薬が奏効する患者と，効果を示さない患者も存在する．故に病態メカニズムに基づき疾患を分類し，それぞれのサブグループに最適な治療を選択する，層別化医療を行っていく必要がある．
TL;DR: In this article , the authors hypothesized that long-term succinate administration would induce eosinophil infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract via the IL-25-ILC2 axis.
Abstract: Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EGE) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by extensive eosinophil infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract, but its pathogenesis remains largely unknown. Recently, administration of succinate to mice reportedly activated group 2 innate lymphocytes (ILC2) via secretion of IL-25 by intestinal tuft cells. ILC2 has been implicated in the induction of antigen-nonspecific type 2 inflammation. We hypothesized that long-term succinate administration would induce eosinophil infiltration of the gastrointestinal tract via the IL-25-ILC2 axis.
TL;DR: In this paper , the expression of functional pattern recognition receptors, which are responsible for tissue defense against pathogens, was comprehensively analyzed in a primary syncytiotrophoblast (STB) model differentiated from highly purified human term cytotrophoblasts (CTBs).
Abstract: Pregnant women are exposed to various microbes, some of which can harm the mother and/or fetus and can lead to life-long morbidity and even death. The syncytiotrophoblast (STB) covers the placental villi and comes into direct contact with pathogens contained in the maternal blood and plays a key role in placental host defense. However, the precise mechanisms whereby the STB recognizes and responds to pathogenic microbes remain unclear. In this study, we comprehensively analyzed the expression of functional pattern recognition receptors, which are responsible for tissue defense against pathogens, in a primary STB model differentiated from highly purified human term cytotrophoblasts (CTBs). Screening for mRNA expression and multiplex cytokine/chemokine production demonstrated that differentiated CTBs (dCTBs) predominantly expressed dsRNA receptors, including TLR3, MDA5, and RIG-I. We confirmed that term human placentas also expressed TLR3. Transcriptome analysis revealed common and unique responses of dCTBs to a synthetic dsRNA (polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid) compared with human peripheral mononuclear cells. Moreover, polyinosinic-polycytidylic acid induced the release of type I and type III IFNs (IFN-β, IFN-λ1, IFN-λ2, IFN-λ3), as well as mRNA expression of IFN-stimulated genes (IFIT1, MX1, and OAS1). dCTBs underwent apoptosis via the mitochondrial pathway in response to dsRNA stimulation. These results suggest that dsRNA receptors expressed on the STB are key players in antiviral defense in the placenta. Elucidation of the underpinnings of these defense processes can help us better understand the pathophysiology of viral infections during pregnancy.