http://web.stanford.edu/group/efmh/jacobson/Articles/I/JDEnPolicyPt1.pdf

Providing all global energy with wind, water, and solar power, Part I: Technologies, energy resources, quantities and areas of infrastructure, and materials

Switched reluctance machines have emerged as an important technology in industrial automation; they represent a real alternative to conventional variable speed drives in many applications. This paper reviews the technology status and trends in switched reluctance machines. It covers the various aspects of modeling, design, simulation, analysis, and control. Finally, it discusses the impact of switched reluctance machines technology on intelligent motion control.

Switched Reluctance Motor Modeling, Design, Simulation, and Analysis: A Comprehensive Review

This paper presents two three-phase switched reluctance machine systems. One is the dual motors drive for the electric locomotive traction; the other is the variable-speed generator system for wind power applications. The principles of the switched reluctance machine system operated at four quadrants, the scheme of the symmetrical traction at quadrant I and quadrant III, and the scheme of the symmetrical regenerative braking control at quadrant II and quadrant IV, are given. The transient phase current analysis and the energy analysis of the switched reluctance machine system at the operational state of braking or generating are evaluated, and the rotor position and the peak value of the phase current at three different conditions are given. The closed-loop rotor speed control of the main motor, synchronization of the rotor speed, and balance distribution of loads between the main motor and the subordinate motor have been implemented by the fuzzy logic algorithm. The closed-loop output power control of the switched reluctance wind power generator system implemented by regulating the turn-on angle of the main switches with fuzzy logic algorithm and fixed turn-off angle of the main switches is also presented. The major components of the two prototypes are explained in detail. The experimental results of the dual 7.5-kW three-phase 6/4 structure switched reluctance motors (SRMs) parallel drive system prototype are included. It is shown that the maximum difference in the output torque of the two motors at the same given rotor speeds is within 10.00% and the maximum difference in the practical rotor speed of the two motors is within 5.00%. The tested results of three-phase 12/8 structure switched reluctance variable-speed wind power generator system show that the error of the closed-loop output power control is within 2.2%, while the rotor speed range is close to the ratio of 1:3 with the low rotor speed 405 r/min. The average dc line current of the power converter can be utilized as a feedback signal for the actual output torque of SRM drive or a feedback signal for the actual output power of switched reluctance generator system.

Implementation of the Three-Phase Switched Reluctance Machine System for Motors and Generators

Power compaction and high efficiency are two key advantages of permanent magnet motors. This paper proposes an enhanced internal permanent magnet motor that delivers high torque, power compaction, and exceptionally high efficiency in the same operation area. The advantage of the proposed scheme is the magnetic flux accumulation in the air gap, which allows much higher values of magnetic flux density, compared to a surface permanent magnet motor of the same size. The original contribution of this paper resides on the adopted motor configuration, enabling to efficiently utilize the energy stored in the permanent magnet and to provide total loss minimization at the most frequently used speed range.

Internal Permanent Magnet Motor Design for Electric Vehicle Drive

The headway of wind power generation is a great blessing to help meet up the electrical power demand day by day. The strongest challenges for wind energy conversion system (WECS) are to handle the intermittency of wind and to maintain the grid reliability. The power electronics and energy storage systems are essential elements of the WECS. This paper attempts to provide various new directions to the future wind energy researchers to improve the wind turbine aerodynamics, electric generators׳ configurations with improved control of power electronics and lower cost energy storage system for designing a reliable wind turbine generator system. This study will work as a guideline for the researchers to understand the development and requirement of a reliable and smart wind energy conversion system.

Future research directions for the wind turbine generator system

This paper presents a new magnetic circuit model of an interior permanent magnet (IPM) motor for use in SPICE, which is the general-purpose circuit-simulation program. The magnetic circuit model consists of reluctances and permanent magnet magnetomotive-force sources. In the SPICE simulation, a magnetic circuit model of the IPM motor and its driving circuit are coupled by a proper circuit. Using the proposed model, we can calculate dynamic characteristics of the IPM motor easily.

Dynamic analysis of interior permanent magnet motor based on a magnetic circuit model

This paper deals with a numerical model of the switched reluctance generator (SRG) for use on a general-purpose circuit simulation program "SPICE". In the model, the electric circuit and magnetic circuit are coupled by proper controlled sources. Using the numerical model, we can readily calculate the dynamic behavior of the SRG. The method presented here is useful for circuit analysis and design optimization of the SRG.

Dynamic simulation model of switched reluctance generator

This paper describes a consideration of the excitation circuit of a switched reluctance (SR) generator. The SR generator has some features including solid structure and easiness of maintenance. However, the conventional excitation circuit of the SR generator is an asymmetry half bridge converter (AHBC) whose configuration is complicated. In this paper, we examine the operating characteristics of the SR generator excited by a suppression resistor converter (SRC) based on finite-element method (FEM) analysis and experiments

Characteristics of 8/6 Switched Reluctance Generator Excited by Suppression Resistor Converter

This paper presents a novel switched reluctance (SR) motor that has auxiliary windings and permanent magnets on the stator yoke. It can be driven by an asymmetric half-bridge converter in the same manner as the conventional SR motor, and the performance is improved by the auxiliary windings and magnets. The characteristics of the proposed SR motor are demonstrated by finite element method (FEM) and experiment. In addition, operating principle and characteristics in the case of generating mode are indicated.

A Novel Switched Reluctance Motor With the Auxiliary Windings and Permanent Magnets

This paper presents a quantitative analysis of the orthogonal-core type linear variable inductor. The orthogonal-core has wedge gaps for reduction of harmonics of the output currents. The analysis is based on a 3-dimensional nonlinear magnetic circuit of the orthogonal-core. Using the magnetic circuit, one can calculate accurately the operating characteristics of the variable inductor. Furthermore, they develop a VAr compensator for a 6.6 kV AC distribution system using the three-phase variable inductor.

Kenji Nakamura

Papers

Dynamic analysis of interior permanent magnet motor based on a magnetic circuit model

Dynamic simulation model of switched reluctance generator

Characteristics of 8/6 Switched Reluctance Generator Excited by Suppression Resistor Converter

A Novel Switched Reluctance Motor With the Auxiliary Windings and Permanent Magnets

Analysis of orthogonal-core type linear variable inductor and application to VAr compensator