Showing papers by "Kenneth M. Heilman published in 1981"
TL;DR: It is proposed that the mesencephalic reticular formation subserves tonic arousal to novel or painful stimuli by inhibiting the nucleus reticularis thalami (NR) and that selective attention is mediated by cortical input to NR.
Abstract: • A patient had an ischemic infarction of the right medial thalamus, with a resultant contralateral neglect syndrome. We propose that the medial thalamic nuclei, particularly centromedian and parafascicularis (CMPF), are normally involved in the arousal-activation process by which an organism can be aroused by and respond to novel or important stimuli. Specifically, we propose that (1) the mesencephalic reticular formation subserves tonic arousal to novel or painful stimuli by inhibiting the nucleus reticularis thalami (NR) and (2) that selective attention is mediated by cortical input to NR. The CMPF is closely associated with motor systems (basal ganglia, ventrolateral nucleus of the thalamus [VL], and frontal lobes). A pathway involving CMPF, the frontal cortex, and the portion of NR associated with VL may be important in preparing the tonically aroused organism for action. Unilateral lesions of CMPF therefore induce an asymmetric hypokinesia, and bilateral lesions may induce akinetic mutism.
267 citations
TL;DR: A patient with a right caudate hemorrhage demonstrated left limb hypokinesia but did not have sensory inattention or sensory extinction, and the left-sided hypokine was increased by bilateral simultaneous movements.
Abstract: A patient with a right caudate hemorrhage demonstrated left limb hypokinesia but did not have sensory inattention or sensory extinction. The left-sided hypokinesia was increased by bilateral simultaneous movements (motor extinction).
97 citations
TL;DR: It is proposed that there is a graphhemic area important for distinguishing graphemic features and for programming movements used in writing that was not functioning or did not have access to the area of visual word images in a patient with alexia and agraphia.
52 citations
TL;DR: A hemispace-VHF compatibility effect was found, suggesting that there is a relationship between each hemisphere and the contralateral hemispACE.
45 citations
TL;DR: A patient with a left parietal lesion who had poor comprehension but who was able to repeat is described, believed to be a distinct and previously unreported form of transcortical aphasia induced by a one-way dissociation between phonemic and semantic processors.
Abstract: Patients with transcortical sensory aphasia have relatively preserved repetition ability but have poor comprehension and naming ability. Their spontaneous speech contains paraphasic errors and lacks content. We describe a patient with a left parietal lesion who had poor comprehension but who was able to repeat. However, unlike previously reported cases of transcortical aphasia, the patient had relatively normal naming and spontaneous speech. We believe that this distinct and previously unreported form of transcortical aphasia is induced by a one-way dissociation between phonemic and semantic processors.
31 citations
TL;DR: The Syntactic Comprehension test was administered during and after speech arrest to show that speech arrest was associated with a language disturbance.
Abstract: Recurrent episodes of speech arrest were observed in a man as the primary manifestation of a partial seizure disorder. To determine whether speech arrest was associated with a language disorder, the Syntactic Comprehension test was administered during and after speech arrest. This test does not depend upon speech production, but evaluates ability to comprehend sentences in which meaning depends on syntactic relationships. Using this test, we were able to show that speech arrest was associated with a language disturbance.
22 citations
22 citations