Can negative information about a product increase sales, and if so, when? Although popular wisdom suggests that “any publicity is good publicity,” prior research has demonstrated only downsides to negative press. Negative reviews or word of mouth, for example, have been found to hurt product evaluation and sales. Using a combination of econometric analysis and experimental methods, we unify these perspectives to delineate contexts under which negative publicity about a product will have positive versus negative effects. Specifically, we argue that negative publicity can increase purchase likelihood and sales by increasing product awareness. Consequently, negative publicity should have differential effects on established versus unknown products. Three studies support this perspective. Whereas a negative review in the New York Times hurt sales of books by well-known authors, for example, it increased sales of books that had lower prior awareness. The studies further underscore the importance of a gap between publicity and purchase occasion and the mediating role of increased awareness in these effects.

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Positive Effects of Negative Publicity: When Negative Reviews Increase Sales

Thermal perception, adaptation and attendance in a public square in hot and humid regions

Service quality in restaurant operations in China: Decision- and experiential-oriented perspectives

Photopolymers broadly comprise monomers, oligomers, polymers, or mixtures of the aforementioned materials that upon exposure to light undergo photochemical reactions that result in deep-seated changes in their structures which substantially modify their chemical and mechanical properties. Photopolymers may possess chromophores that provide for their intrinsic photosensitivity. Alternatively, other photosensitive molecules may be added that directly or indirectly interact with the photopolymer upon exposure to light to produce the desired property changes. Examples of various types of photopolymers will be presented in this article along with examples of their use in representative applications.

Photopolymer Materials and Processes for Advanced Technologies

Briefly stated, the operating depth of field for a bar code scanner, preferably a laser scanner, is increased by placing a cubic phase mask (CPM) in the scanning beam. The masked beam is then scanned and reflected off a bar code and received by a photodetector. The received signal is then processed to recover the original unperturbed representation of the bar code pattern. The processed signal has an increased depth of field over an unmasked scanner signal.

Method and apparatus for extending operating range of bar code scanner

Holographic data storage is poised to change the way we write and retrieve data forever. After many years of developing appropriate recording media and optical read–write architectures, this promising technology is now moving to the market.

HOLOGRAPHIC DATA STORAGE : Coming of age

Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems is a primer on the design and building of a holographic data storage system covering the physics, Servo, Data Channel, Recording Materials, and optics behind holographic storage, the requirements of a functioning system, and its integration into "real-life" systems. Later chapters highlight recent developments in holographic storage which have enabled readiness for commercial implementation and discuss the general outlook for the technology, including the transition from professional to consumer markets and the possibilities for mass reproduction.

Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems

The present invention provides systems and methods for logically organizing data for storage and recovery on a data storage medium using a multi-level format. The present invention also provides systems and methods for protecting data stored on data storage medium so that the data may be recovered without errors.

Data protection system

A holographic storage medium, a method of manufacturing the holographic storage medium and a holographic storage device incorporating the storage medium. In one embodiment, the holographic storage medium includes: (1) first and second spaced-apart substrates, the first substrate being plastic and (2) a photopolymer core located between said first and second substrates and having a coefficient of thermal expansion such that said first and second substrates and said photopolymer core cooperate to respond substantially isotropically to a change in temperature.

Holographic storage medium having enhanced temperature operating range and method of manufacturing the same

In a first embodiment of the invention, a method and system of recording successive holograms in a recording medium is presented. The method utilizes a multilayer holographic storage media comprising a reflective substrate layer, a polarization shifting layer disposed above the reflective substrate layer, and a photorecording medium layer disposed above the polarization shifting layer. A reference beam and an encoded object beam are propagated at a first direction to a first area of the photorecording medium layer, where the reference beam and encoded object beam have a same first polarization and interfere to produce a first interference grating. The reference beam and the encoded object beam are reflected with the reflective substrate layer to produce a reflected reference beam and reflected encoded object beam incident the photorecording medium at a second direction, where the reference beam polarization and a encoded object beam polarization are altered with the polarization shifting layer so that the reflected reference beam and reflected encoded object beam have a same second polarization. The reflected reference beam and reflected encoded object beam interfere to produce a second interference grating, with the first polarization and second polarization being different. Successive holograms are recorded by translating the multilayer holographic storage media or reference and object beam along a shift multiplex direction, where the reference beam and object beam are propagated to successive areas of the photorecording medium.

Kevin Curtis

Papers

HOLOGRAPHIC DATA STORAGE : Coming of age

Holographic Data Storage: From Theory to Practical Systems

Data protection system

Holographic storage medium having enhanced temperature operating range and method of manufacturing the same

System and method for reflective holographic storage with associated multiplexing techniques