Imagined communities: Reflections on the origin and spread of nationalism

Keywords: a Vocabulary of Culture and Society

Nos últimos trinta trinta anos, houve profundas mudanças na forma como compreendemos o crime e a justiça criminal. O crime tornou-se um evento simbólico, um verdadeiro teste para a ordem social e para as políticas governamentais, um desafio para a sociedade civil, para a democracia e para os direitos humanos. Segundo David Garland, professor da Faculdade de Direito da New York University, um dos principais autores no campo da Sociologia da Punição e com artigo publicado na Revista de Sociologia e Política , número 13, na modernidade tardia houve uma verdadeira obsessão securitária, direcionando as políticas criminais para um maior rigor em relação às penas e maior intolerância com o criminoso. Há trinta anos, nos EUA e na Inglaterra essa tendência era insuspeita. O livro mostra que os dois países compartilham intrigantes similaridades em suas práticas criminais, a despeito da divisão racial, das desigualdades econômicas e da letalidade violenta que marcam fortemente o cenário americano. Segundo David Garland, encontram-se nos dois países os “mesmos tipos de riscos e inseguranças, a mesma percepção a respeito dos problemas de um controle social não-efetivo, as mesmas críticas da justiça criminal tradicional, e as mesmas ansiedades recorrentes sobre mudança e ordem sociais”1 (GARLAND, 2001, p. 2). O argumento principal da obra é o seguinte: a modernidade tardia, esse distintivo padrão de relações sociais, econômicas e culturais, trouxe consigo um conjunto de riscos, inseguranças e problemas de controle social que deram uma configuração específica às nossas respostas ao crime, ao garantir os altos custos das políticas criminais, o grau máximo de duração das penas e a excessivas taxas de encarceramento.

http://www.scielo.br/pdf/rsocp/n20/n20a15.pdf

The culture of control: crime and social order in contemporary, society

From the Publisher: \nThe telephone looms large in our lives, as ever present in modern societies as cars and television. Claude Fischer presents the first social history of this vital but little-studied technologyhow we encountered, tested, and ultimately embraced it with enthusiasm. Using telephone ads, oral histories, telephone industry correspondence, and statistical data, Fischer's work is a colorful exploration of how, when, and why Americans started communicating in this radically new manner. Studying three California communities, Fischer uncovers how the telephone became integrated into the private worlds and community activities of average Americans in the first decades of this century. Women were especially avid in their use, a phenomenon which the industry first vigorously discouraged and then later wholeheartedly promoted. Again and again Fischer finds that the telephone supported a wide-ranging network of social relations and played a crucial role in community life, especially for women, from organizing children's relationships and church activities to alleviating the loneliness and boredom of rural life. Deftly written and meticulously researched, America Calling adds an important new chapter to the social history of our nation and illuminates a fundamental aspect of cultural modernism that is integral to contemporary life. \nAuthor Biography: Claude S. Fischer is Professor of Sociology at the University of California, Berkeley, and the author of To Dwell among Fris: Personal Networks in Town and City (1982) and The Urban Experience (1984).

America Calling: A Social History of the Telephone to 1940

It’s been a long time since academic discussions about research and teaching were part of the board meetings of the department of Anthropology and Sociology of the University of Amsterdam. Most of our meetings today deal with administrative problems [...]

Seeing like a State.

Introduction: Risk Factor Research 1. Examining the Unresolved Methodological Paradoxes of Risk Factor Research 2. The Origins and Development of Risk Factor Research 3. Longitudinal Risk Factor Research in England and Wales - Achievements, Limitations and Potential 4. Cross-sectional Risk Factor Research in England and Wales - Achievements, limitations and Potential 5. Hunting for the Universal Risk Factor 6. Risk Assessment in the Youth Justice System: Application without Understanding? 7. Re-visiting Risk Factor Research, Policy and Practice

Understanding Youth Offending: Risk Factor Reserach, Policy and Practice

The Risk Factor Prevention Paradigm (RFPP) has become increasingly influential upon government responses to youth offending. This paper critically evaluates `evidence-based' risk-focused research a...

The rhetoric and reality of the 'Risk Factor Prevention Paradigm' approach to preventing and reducing youth offending.

Introduction: A Children First, Offenders Second philosophy of positive youth justice Chapter One: Positive Youth Justice - Introducing Children First, Offenders Second Chapter Two: What is Children First, Offenders Second? Chapter Three: The context of Children First, Offenders Second positive youth justice - Evolution through devolution Chapter Four: Putting children first in the Youth Justice System Chapter Five: Progressive Diversion Chapter Six - Progressive Prevention-Promotion Chapter Seven - Conclusion

Positive Youth Justice: Children First, Offenders Second

Introduction: Young People and Youth Justice Youth and Society Youth Justice: A Recent History Developing a Youth Justice Philosophy Managing Youth Justice Systems Managing Other Significant Systems Effective Work with Young Offenders Young People and Criminal Responsibility Bibliography

Young People and Youth Justice

Contemporary European youth justice practice, notably in England and Wales, fosters retrospective, risk-focused and reductionist views of children. Enforced, inequitable, prescriptive and adult-led youth justice relationships adulterise children and responsibilise them fully for their offending behaviour, disengaging them from constructive youth justice interventions. This article sets out and evidences an alternative model of youth justice: Children First, Offenders Second (CFOS). The CFOS model offers a whole child, preventative and diversionary approach that normalises offending by children and promotes strengths and positive behaviour. The model is grounded in the principles of child-friendly, child-appropriate and legitimate practice as a means of engaging children with youth justice services and interventions. Evidence of how these key principles have been animated in local practice is provided and implications for engagement in the youth justice context are discussed.

https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/Delivery.cfm/HOJO_HOJO12099.pdf?abstractid=2595410&mirid=5

Kevin Haines

Papers

Understanding Youth Offending: Risk Factor Reserach, Policy and Practice

The rhetoric and reality of the 'Risk Factor Prevention Paradigm' approach to preventing and reducing youth offending.

Positive Youth Justice: Children First, Offenders Second

Young People and Youth Justice

Children First, Offenders Second: the Centrality of Engagement in Positive Youth Justice