recently enzyme preparations of microbial origin become increasingly important in different industries. Preparations of α-L-rhamnosidase are used in the pharmaceutical industry as well as in scientific work as a tool for analytical research. We have obtained purified α-L-rhamnosidase preparations from Penicillium tardum, eupenicillium erubescens and Cryptococcus albidus microorganism strains which are effective enzyme producers. the aim of the study was to estimate the ability of germanium coordination compounds to enhance enzyme catalytic activity. the effects of 11 heterometal mixed ligand tartrate (malate-)germanate compounds at 0.01 and 0.1% concentration on the activity of α-L-rhamnosidase preparations from Penicillium tardum IMV f-100074, eupenicillium erubescens and Cryptococcus albidus 1001 were studied at 0.5 and 24 h exposition. the inhibitory effect of [ni(bipy)3]4[{Ge2(oh)2(tart)2}3Cl2]·15h2 on P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidase was revealed. all studied compounds except [CuCl(phen)2][Ge(oh)(hMal)2] were shown to increase activity of P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidase at a longer term of exposition. activity of e. erubescens α-L-rhamnosidase was shown to be stimulated by d-metal cation-free compounds. C. albidus α-L-rhamnosidase occurred to be insensitive to all compounds studied.

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The influence of coordinative tartrate and malatogermanate compounds on the activity of α-L-rhamnosidase preparations from Penicillium tardum, Eupenicillium erubescens and Cryptococcus albidus

α-L-Rhamnosidase [EC 3.2.1.40], enzyme of the hydrolase family has a wide range of applications: in the food industry, for example, in winemaking to improve the quality and aroma of wines, in the production of citrus juices and drinks to remove bitter components (naringin) that improves the quality and nutritional value of these products; in research as an analytical tool for studying the structure of complex carbohydrate-substituted biopolymers. For the successful use of α-L-rhamnosidases in various biotechnological processes, an important aspect is the development of ways to increase their activity. The main factors affecting the growth and metabolism of microorganisms, including the synthesis of enzymes, are the physicochemical conditions of cultivation, the composition of the nutrient medium, the introduction of substances that raise the yield of the enzyme, which is manifested in an increase in its activity. At present, one of the priority directions of modern research is the study of the effect of various effector compounds that are capable to modify the studied enzymatic activity. In this work, which is a continuation of previous studies, a number of mixed-ligand and mixed-ligand-different-metal coordination germanium compounds of with xylaric acid (H5Xylar), 1,10-phenanthroline (Phen), 2,2-bipyridine (bipy) and ions of 3d-metals (Fe2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+) were selected as effectors. Study of the effect of these complexes on the activity of Eupenicillium erubescens, Cryptococcus аlbidus and Penicillium tardum α-L-rhamnosidases were the aim of this work. Methods. The objects of research were α-Lrhamnosidases from Eupenicillium erubescens 248, Cryptococcus albidus 1001, and Penicillium tardum IMV F-100074. The α-L-rhamnosidase activity was determined by the Davis method using naringin as a substrate. We used 12 coordination compounds of germanium as modifiers of enzyme activity, the composition and structure of which were established using a combination of physical and chemical research methods: elemental analysis, thermogravimetry, IR spectroscopy and X-ray structural analysis. Structures of seven compounds are deposited in the Cambridge Crystallographic Database. When studying the effect of various compounds on the activity of enzymes, concentrations of 0.1 and 0.01% were used, exposure times were 0.5 and 24 hours. The test compounds were dissolved in 0.1% dimethyl sulfoxide. UV-spectra of absorption of native and chemical modified preparations of the enzymes were studied by spectrophotometer-fluorimeter DeNovix DS-11 in the range of 220–340 nm, concentration of the enzyme preparation 1.0 mg of protein/mL. Results. Analysis of the totality of the obtained data (exposure time 24 h, concentration 0.1%) regarding the effect of the studied compounds on the activity of E. erubescens, C. albidus and P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidases showed that the influence of the studied modifiers for the activity of α-L-rhamnosidases varies depending on the producer strain. Our data allow us to present the following series of modifiers in accordance with an increase in their effect on the activity of enzymes of different producers: E. еrubescens: 12 < 11 < 5 < 3 < 4=10 < 1 < 3 < 8 < 2 < 6 < 7; C. albidus: 10 < 11 < 12 < 9 < 3 < 1=5 < 8=4 < 2 < 6 < 7; P. tardum: 12=2 < 3 < 4 < 11 < 5 < 8 < 1 < 9 < 6 < 10 < 7. Conclusions. The results obtained allow us to conclude that compound (7)(-tris(bipyridine) nickel(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)) is the most effective activator of α-L-rhamnosidases of all three micromycete strains, compound (6)(tris(phenanthroline)nickel(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)) − on α-L-rhamnosidase from E. erubescens and C. albidus, while compound (10)-(copper(II) μ-dihydroxyxylaratogermanate(IV)-cuprate(II)) − only of P. tardum α-L-rhamnosidase.

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Effect of Different Ligand and Different Ligand Heterometal Xylaratohermanates on the Activity of α-L-Rhamnosidases Eupenicillium erubescens, Cryptococcus albidus and Penicillium tardum

The influence of a number of coordinative compounds of zinc with N-substituted thiocarbamoil-N'-pentamethylensulfenamides on activity of elastase, alpha-L-rhamnosidase and alpha-galactosidases evidence for a possibility of their usage as stimulators or inhibitors of enzymes tested have been studied. It was shown that all the compounds in concentration of 0.1 and 0.01% inhibited by 90-100% Bacillus thuringiensis 27-88Els+ elastase activity. [Zn(L2)Br2], [Zn(L1)(NCS)2] and [Zn(L3)(NCS)2] at 20 h exposition activated Cryptococcus albidus 1001 alpha-L-rhamnosidase activity. The rest of compounds influenced it on the control level or inhibited it by 7-23%. The obtained results testify that essential role is not played by separate fragments (L-ligand and anions), but by molecules of zinc complexes as a whole. All the studied complexes, exept for [Zn(L3)(NCS)2], induced alpha-L-rhamnosidase activity of Eupenicillium erubescens 248 (7 to 60%). All zinc compounds (concentration 0.01%, exposition time - 60 min) influenced at the control level Aspergillus niger and Cladosporium cladosporioides alpha-galactosidases activity, however inhibited (up to 20%) activity of Penicillium canescens alpha-galactosidase. The increasing of exposition time of the compounds tested with enzymes up to 20 h testify to selective action of separate compounds on enzymes tested. The data obtained prove, that the character of interaction of zinc complexes is changed depending on the enzyme tested and its strain-producer.

[Coordinative compounds of zinc with N-substituted thiocarbamoyl-N'-pentamethylensulfenamides--activity modifiers of enzymes of proteolytic and glycolytic action].

Khytrych Gn

Papers

[Coordinative compounds of zinc with N-substituted thiocarbamoyl-N'-pentamethylensulfenamides--activity modifiers of enzymes of proteolytic and glycolytic action].