This paper describes the first part of a study for obtaining useful data on the development of compressiongarments with high stretch knitted materials. Twenty types of compression garments sold in the domestic market wereanalyzed in terms of the knitting method and knit structure. After classifying these garment types into three elements ofknit structure, a comparative analysis of the body part to which knit structure is applied was performed. Given thesuperior comfort of its finished product and seamless process productivity, the weft knitting technique was used morecommonly than the warp knitting technique. All extracted knit structures were single-faced, and float and tuck werevariously applied based on plain stitch. Plain stitch was applied on smooth body part surfaces, which do not requiremuch compression. In the case of body parts that easily accumulate mass, such as the lower abdomen and sides, plainwith float stitch was used by employing a mock rib structure to exert appropriate pressure on body and ensure a goodfit. However, on body parts requiring a strong fit and pressure along with protection, plain with float stitch was used.Meanwhile, the structure in which float and tuck were combined based on plain stitch was applied for body parts withactive muscles.Keywords: compression garment, clothing pressure, single-faced structure, plain stitch, tuck stitch, float stitch

Knit Structure and Properties of High Stretch Compression Garments

Compression garments have been extensively in varied medical and sports applications. The article critically reviews the design aspects of knit compression garments for suitability in sports and medical applications. The influences of physical attributes of suitable knitted fabrics on the amount of pressure generated on the underlying body have been studied. The tensile properties of the knit fabrics having various orientations to stretch, predictive pressure generated by compression garments have been primarily considered. Subsequently a method of validating the reliability of laplace law for calculating applied pressures for calculation of applied pressures that are generated by compression garments have been highlighted. Modeling of compression garments has been done with the intended value of unit pressure for the body circumference of a variable curvature radius. The basis of modeling considered can be applied in designing compression garments supporting external treatment such as after burn therapy and lymphadema. The physical and mechanical properties of nylon/spandex knitted fabrics used as commercial medical compression garments have been analyzed. The findings help to understand whether a fabric is suitable for engineering compression garments and also for estimating the required compression force for designing an individualized compression with the medical compression fabrics. The dynamic pressure attenuation of compression garment is studied experimentally. The findings enable a better understanding of the characteristics of elastic fabric used for making compression garments, and prove useful for medical practitioners with scientific developments and for effective applications. The physical and mechanical properties of nylon/spandex knitted fabrics as commercial medical compression garments have been investigated. Specifically fabric elasticity and bursting strength have been studied to show the applicability of the fabrics for providing satisfactory compression. Such study is necessary to understand whether a fabric is suitable for engineering compression garments and also for estimating the required compression force for designing an individualized compression garments with medical compression fabrics. Study has been carried out to evolve an effective design and development of various high stretch compression products by analyzing fabric size, stretch properties and clothing pressure for different knit structures.

Design of Compression/Pressure Garments for Diversified Medical Applications

This study develops a cool-touch functional Dancesport top for middle-aged women by using cool-touch materials in areas where surface temperature becomes high after exercise. The post-exercise surface temperature of the developed research product was compared and analyzed. In addition, subjective evaluation of cool-touch as well as appearance and movement evaluations were performed. The results are as follows. In designing the research product, a detachable neckband was made using highly-preferred hydrated polymer crystals. A material with high moisture absorption speed was also used in F1, S1, under arm and B5, while a material with good thermal conductivity was used in other parts of the bodice. Deodorant tape with antibacterial and deodorant effects was incorporated in the armpit for additional comfort. As for wear evaluation of the research product, significant differences were found in 10 areas using a material with high moisture absorption speed to compare and analyze the post-exercise surface temperatures of the clothing. The temperature difference between the compared top and the research product in the neckband area was 9.16 o C, demonstrating clear cool-touch function in using cool-touch material. In the subjective evaluation of cool-touch function, the results showed high scores when asked about the efficiency of the detachable neckband and the ease of movement when wearing the product. In the appearance evaluation, significant differences were found in 11 items, including redundant folds, tightfit, fit, and design line. The overall mean score of the movement evaluation was 4.6, indicating excellent function for movement.

Development of Cool-touch Functional Dancesport Top for Middle-aged Women

This study presented functional designs for development of functional compression wear for men in their forties based on body muscles as well as designed 2D patterns using 3D standard body form data of men in their forties. Patterns with an optimal stretch rate were proposed through a comfort evaluation. Different material was used for different areas such as the sports ability strengthening areas including body parts that often move for sports (such as the shoulders, abdomen and lower arm), areas that require ventilation for perspiration (such as the chest and back center, and armpits), and stable form areas (such as the chest, waist and elbows). The front and back surface areas of the developed pattern was an average 102.4% size compared to the body surface area. The results indicated that the 90% reduction pattern showed changes in pressure value according to area of movement, had the best breathability when worn, and had the best, most comfortable fit compared to the other subjects. The clothing pressure values of the pattern were around 22.1-23.4mmHg for the arm area (which has a big movement range and has many muscles) and 10.4-11.8mmHg for chest and abdomen areas related to major organs and breathing, indicating appropriate clothing pressure. A compression wear top pattern with pressure appropriate to the target age range and excellent appropriateness for the body form will be developed for men in their forties. A study method will be proposed to develop design technology for ergonomic compression wear tops with excellent fit and comfort.

https://www.koreascience.or.kr:443/article/JAKO201519262930481.pdf

Development of Compression Wear Tops for Men in Their Forties Based on Muscle Locations

This study investigated fabrics, washing and cares, design, pattern, subsidiary materials, and sewing methods with a focus on the functional outers using moisture-permeable waterproof fabric as a shell; in addition, each element was analyzed for differences depending on fabric type. The characteristics of 34 outers were investigated through labels, online product introductions, visual inspection, observations from two experts with more than 30 years experience and wear tests. Moisture-permeable waterproof fabrics used for the outer were classified into two types; in addition, the shell of the high-density fabric and the 2 & 3-layer fabrics had different characteristics. Various fabrics, detailed designs, and threedimensional patterns suitable for each part of the human body were used to improve functionality. In addition, various subsidiary materials and sewing methods were used to form an organic relationship. The same washing and cares, patterns and subsidiary materials were used regardless of fabric type; however, the fabric type influenced the detailed design and sewing. The outers with high-density fabric had a loose fit, short placket, e-banded cuffs, lock-stitch, and lock-stitch+ binding. However, the outer with 2 & 3 layer fabric had a slim fit, hood width adjustment, zippered pockets, cuffs with tab, seamless adhesive sewing such as laminating, lock-stitch+ seam-sealing, and welding.

https://www.koreascience.or.kr:443/article/JAKO202108960113806.pdf

Analysis of Characteristics of Functional Outers with Moisture-permeable Waterproof Fabric : Focus on Fabrics, Washing · Cares, Design, Patterns, Subsidiary Materials, and Sewing

This research studied how to develop tight upper sportswear from 3D scan data considering fabric stretch property. Subjects were five Korean men of average figure in their 20's. Scanning was done for ten postures via vitus smart/pro(Techmath LTD). Analyzing from 3D scan data, more than 70% of the upper body surface showed surface change rate under 20%. It was shoulder and under arm side part that showed most noticeable body surface change when moving. A parametric model with convex surface was generated and flattened onto the plane, resulting 2D pattern. The error rate occurring in the process of 3D to 2D conversion was 0.2% for outline and 0.13% for area, respectively. Thirteen kinds of stretchable fabrics in the market were collected for this study. Stretch property was in the range of 16.0~58.2% for wale direction; 23.1~78.4% for course. Based on wear trial test, four fabrics were chosen for making the 1st exper- imental garment and finally one fabric was chosen for the 2nd one, which was developed applying 4 kinds of crosswise reduction rate on 2D pattern: 0, 5, 10, and 15%. Through wear trial test and garment pressure measurement, exper- imental garment applied with 10% pattern reduction rate was evaluated as most comfortable and considerable.

/pdf/technical-design-of-tight-upper-sportswear-based-on-3d-2p63gdkd5h.pdf

Kim Tae-Gyou

Papers

Technical Design of Tight Upper Sportswear based on 3D Scanning Technology and Stretch Property of Knitted Fabric