Introduction to heat transfer

Various embodiments provide systems and methods capable of facilitating interaction with handheld electronics devices based on sensing rotational rate around at least three axes and linear acceleration along at least three axes. In one aspect, a handheld electronic device includes a subsystem providing display capability, a set of motion sensors sensing rotational rate around at least three axes and linear acceleration along at least three axes, and a subsystem which, based on motion data derived from at least one of the motion sensors, is capable of facilitating interaction with the device.

Controlling and accessing content using motion processing on mobile devices

Handheld electronic devices including motion sensing and processing. In one aspect, a handheld electronic device includes a set of motion sensors provided on a single sensor wafer, including at least one gyroscope sensing rotational rate of the device around at least three axes and at least one accelerometer sensing gravity and linear acceleration of the device along the at least three axes. Memory stores sensor data derived from the at least one gyroscope and accelerometer, where the sensor data describes movement of the device including a rotation of the device around at least one of the three axes of the device, the rotation causing interaction with the device. The memory is provided on an electronics wafer positioned vertically with respect to the sensor wafer and substantially parallel to the sensor wafer. The electronics wafer is vertically bonded to and electrically connected to the sensor wafer.

Motion sensing and processing on mobile devices

Dalton T. Snyder,† Christopher J. Pulliam,† Zheng Ouyang,‡ and R. Graham Cooks*,† †Department of Chemistry and Center for Analytical Instrumentation Development, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States ‡Weldon School of Biomedical Engineering, Purdue University, West Lafayette, Indiana 47907, United States ■ CONTENTS Ambient Ionization and Sampling 2 Vacuum Systems 4 Analyzers and Configurations 6 MEMS and Other Alternative Fabrication Methods 8 Simulations 9 Electronics and Data Systems 12 Portable Systems 19 Mesoscale Systems 20 Planetary and Space Science Systems 21 Practical Applications 22 Expectations 23 Author Information 23 Corresponding Author 23 Notes 23 Biographies 23 Acknowledgments 24 References 24

Miniature and Fieldable Mass Spectrometers: Recent Advances.

An endoscopic microinstrument (100) may include a substantially rigid body (102) having first (101) and second ends (103), a channel (109) between the first and second ends; a substantially rigid end portion (106) movably coupled to the body and having first and second ends; a tool (108) located at the first end of the end portion and including first and second anvils (124); first and second handles (112, 116) coupled to the body, at least one of the handles further coupled to the tool and configured to control actuation of at least one of the first and second anvils; a camera (110) coupled to, and situated to a side of, the substantially rigid end portion, the camera configured to obtain images of a region-of-interest; and an end portion controller (120) coupled to the body and configured angulate and/or rotate the substantially rigid end portion relative to the substantially rigid body.

Endoscope system and method of operation thereof

The present invention discloses an inertial sensor comprising a planar mechanical resonator with embedded sensing and actuation for substantially in-plane vibration and having a central rigid support for the resonator. At least one excitation or torquer electrode is disposed within an interior of the resonator to excite in-plane vibration of the resonator and at least one sensing or pickoff electrode is disposed within the interior of the resonator for sensing the motion of the excited resonator. In one embodiment, the planar resonator includes a plurality of slots in an annular pattern; in another embodiment, the planar mechanical resonator comprises four masses; each embodiment having a simple degenerate pair of in-plane vibration modes.

/pdf/isolated-planar-gyroscope-with-internal-radial-sensing-and-174qk298j2.pdf

Isolated planar gyroscope with internal radial sensing and actuation

Advances in aeronautics and space technology have created a need for miniaturized navigation instruments such as gyroscopes, a need which is currently being addressed by a number of micromachined designs. While micromachined devices have already proven their advantages being light-weight and low-power, the performance limitations of these devices have not been thoroughly investigated. In particular the effects of the temperature environment on the performance is of great interest since they can be a dominant source of error in micromachined devices. We have investigated the temperature-dependent drift and noise characteristics of a packaged silicon MEMS gyroscopes. Packaged devices were subjected to various temperatures environments between -60 and +60/spl deg/C, and their resonant frequencies, signal drifts and quadrature drifts were monitored. The results obtained from these tests point out the mechanisms of temperature-dependent and temperature-independent drift and suggest a scheme for temperature compensation.

Temperature dependent characteristics of the JPL silicon MEMS gyroscope

An inertial sensor includes a mesoscaled disc resonator comprised of micro-machined substantially thermally non-conductive wafer with low coefficient of thermal expansion for sensing substantially in-plane vibration, a rigid support coupled to the resonator at a central mounting point of the resonator, at least one excitation electrode within an interior of the resonator to excite internal in-plane vibration of the resonator, and at least one sensing electrode within the interior of the resonator for sensing the internal in-plane vibration of the resonator. The inertial sensor is fabricated by etching a baseplate, bonding the substantially thermally non-conductive wafer to the etched baseplate, through-etching the wafer using deep reactive ion etching to form the resonator, depositing a thin conductive film on the through-etched wafer. The substantially thermally non-conductive wafer may comprise a silicon dioxide glass wafer, which is a silica glass wafer or a borosilicate glass wafer, or a silicon-germanium wafer.

Isolated planar mesogyroscope

A micromachined resonator mountable to an external support structure has a proof mass coupled to a base structure by a first spring structure, the base structure having a plurality of electrodes, and a second spring structure coupling the base structure to the external support structure.

/pdf/micromachined-double-resonator-4yi19s25rj.pdf

Micromachined double resonator

A dual objective endoscope for insertion into a cavity of a body for providing a stereoscopic image of a region of interest inside of the body including an imaging device at the distal end for obtaining optical images of the region of interest (ROI), and processing the optical images for forming video signals for wired and/or wireless transmission and display of 3D images on a rendering device. The imaging device includes a focal plane detector array (FPA) for obtaining the optical images of the ROI, and processing circuits behind the FPA. The processing circuits convert the optical images into the video signals. The imaging device includes right and left pupil for receiving a right and left images through a right and left conjugated multi-band pass filters. Illuminators illuminate the ROI through a muti-band pass filter having three right and three left pass bands that are matched to the right and left conjugated multi-band pass filters. A full color image is collected after three or six sequential illuminations with the red, green and blue lights.

/pdf/stereo-imaging-miniature-endoscope-with-single-imaging-chip-2xjsce0agc.pdf

Kirill Shcheglov

Papers

Isolated planar gyroscope with internal radial sensing and actuation

Temperature dependent characteristics of the JPL silicon MEMS gyroscope

Isolated planar mesogyroscope

Micromachined double resonator

Stereo imaging miniature endoscope with single imaging chip and conjugated multi-bandpass filters