Strict limits on the maximum sulphur content in fuel used by ships have recently been imposed in some Emission Control Areas (ECAs). In order to comply with these regulations many ship operators will switch to more expensive low-sulphur fuel when sailing inside ECAs. Since they are concerned about minimizing their costs, it is likely that speed and routing decisions will change because of this. In this paper, we develop an optimization model to be applied by ship operators for determining sailing paths and speeds that minimize operating costs for a ship along a given sequence of ports. We perform a computational study on a number of realistic shipping routes in order to evaluate possible impacts on sailing paths and speeds, and hence fuel consumption and costs, from the ECA regulations. Moreover, the aim is to examine the implications for the society with regards to environmental effects. Comparisons of cases show that a likely effect of the regulations is that ship operators will often choose to sail longer distances to avoid sailing time within ECAs. Another effect is that they will sail at lower speeds within and higher speeds outside the ECAs in order to use less of the more expensive fuel. On some shipping routes, this might give a considerable increase in the total amount of fuel consumed and the CO2 emissions.

/pdf/maritime-routing-and-speed-optimization-with-emission-2svor6504f.pdf

Maritime routing and speed optimization with emission control areas

https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-01807145/document

The role of operational research in green freight transportation

https://nottingham-repository.worktribe.com/preview/792789/CAIE%20Accepted%20Paper%20%281%29.pdf

Composite particle algorithm for sustainable integrated dynamic ship routing and scheduling optimization

Sustainable maritime inventory routing problem with time window constraints

The purpose of this paper is to investigate a multiple ship routing and speed optimization problem under time, cost and environmental objectives. A branch and price algorithm as well as a constraint programming model are developed that consider (a) fuel consumption as a function of payload, (b) fuel price as an explicit input, (c) freight rate as an input, and (d) in-transit cargo inventory costs. The alternative objective functions are minimum total trip duration, minimum total cost and minimum emissions. Computational experience with the algorithm is reported on a variety of scenarios.

/pdf/a-multiple-ship-routing-and-speed-optimization-problem-under-2zc41q3144.pdf

Kirsti Hobbesland

Papers

Integrated maritime fleet deployment and speed optimization