3.2. Preparation 4090 3.3. Intermediate Layers 4090 3.4. Support 4090 3.5. Modification 4091 3.5.1. Silica Membrane Modification 4091 3.5.2. Membrane Structure Modification 4092 3.6. Operational Stability 4092 4. Zeolite Membranes 4092 4.1. Membrane Growth Methods 4093 4.2. Permeation and Gas Transport 4093 4.3. Defect Site Diffusion/Nonzeolitic Pores 4094 4.4. Thin Films 4094 4.5. Zeolite Membrane Modification 4094 4.6. CO2 Sequestration in H2 Separations 4095 4.7. Manufacturing 4095 5. Carbon-Based Membranes 4096 5.1. Carbon Membrane Preparations 4097 5.2. Carbon Membrane Post-treatment 4097 5.3. Carbon Membrane Module Construction 4097 5.4. Selective Surface Flow Membranes 4097 5.5. Disadvantages of Carbon Membranes 4098 5.6. Molecular Sieving Carbon Membranes 4098 5.7. Carbon Nanotubes 4099 6. Polymer Membranes for H2 Separations 4100 6.1. Dense Polymeric Membranes 4100 6.2. Hydrogen Selective Polymeric Membranes 4101 6.3. H2 versus CO2 Selective Polymeric Membranes 4103

Membranes for hydrogen separation.

Zeolite membranes – state of their development and perspective

Zeolite membranes – Recent developments and progress

Fundamentals and applications of pervaporation through zeolite membranes

The first large-scale pervaporation plant using tubular-type module with zeolite NaA membrane

Synthesis of a zeolite NaA membrane for pervaporation of water/organic liquid mixtures

Vapor-permeation (VP) aided esterification of oleic acid with ethanol and methanol was carried out at 383 K using both a pressurized vapor circulation system and a laboratory module of Zeolite membrane with excellent VP performance of dehydration of organic liquids. The combined process provided almost complete conversion in a short reaction time with the initial molar ratio of alcohol to oleic acid (m0) of 1.5. The reaction time, as for ethanol, was reduced by a factor of 1/3 as compared with the process carried out under the atmospheric pressure using a laboratory module of polyimide hollow fiber. The loss of alcohol by permeation was below 0.01% of the feed for ethanol and was only 0.16% for methanol. This indicates that the almost complete reaction can be achieved even if m0 goes down to unity. The Zeolite membrane worked effectively and stably for a long period, and is useful for achieving the highly efficient process of esterification.

https://www.jstage.jst.go.jp/article/membrane/39/4/39_224/_pdf

Kohji Horii

Papers

Synthesis of a zeolite NaA membrane for pervaporation of water/organic liquid mixtures

Vapor-Permeation-Aided Esterification of Oleic Acid : Application of pressurized vapor circulation system and Zeolite membrane