An integral composite membrane is provided including a porous polymeric membrane impregnated with a perfluoro ion exchange material to make the micropores of the membrane occlusive and a surfactant having a molecular weight greater than 100 wherein the thickness of the composite membrane is less than 0.025 mm. Methods for making and regenerating the integral composite membrane are also provided.

Ultra-thin integral composite membrane

A parameter indicative of the status of fluid flow is remotely monitored in a vessel, a natural graft, or a synthetic graft (106). One or more conformal array transducers (44-46) comprising a plurality of elements that curve around the graft (106) or vessel, are excited with an input signal provided by one of various implantable electronic circuits. The implantable electronic circuits enable a selected transducer to be driven, and to receive an ultrasonic signal or pressure signal indicative of the status of fluid flow monitored by the transducer. The implanted electronic circuit is connected to an implanted radio frequency (RF) coil. An external coil that is connected to a power supply (32), receive data signals from the transducer that are indicative of the parameter being monitored.

Ultrasonic sensors for monitoring the condition of a vascular graft

c‐axis oriented thin films of piezoelectric ZnO have been deposited on room‐temperature substrates by rf magnetron sputtering of zinc in a reactive ambient of 100% oxygen over a pressure range from 5–70 mTorr. Below 10 mTorr the film structure, orientation, and physical properties depend on the position of the substrates with respect to the target. This is attributed primarily to resputtering of the film in the region of the target erosion area by high‐energy neutral oxygen. At higher pressures where the mean free path inhibits such effects, the film structure and properties are uniform. At 700‐W sputtering power, the optimum pressure lies between 20–30 mTorr leading to highly oriented ZnO over a large area of plasma with a dielectric constant of 11, conductivity at 300 °C=2×10−10 Ω−1 cm−1, and Rayleigh wave velocity=2600 m/s. The films are characterized using optical transmittance, electrical conductivity, dielectric constant and SAW, and acoustic microscope measurements.

Position and pressure effects in rf magnetron reactive sputter deposition of piezoelectric zinc oxide

A nozzleless print head for ink jet printing and the like comprises one or more essentially planar surface acoustic wave transducers which are submerged at a predetermined depth in a liquid filled reservoir, so that each of the transducers launches a converging cone of coherent acoustic waves into the reservoir, thereby producing an acoustic beam which comes to a focus at or near the surface of the reservoir (i.e., the liquid/air interface). The acoustic beam may be intensity modulated to control the ejection timing, or an external source may be used to extract droplets from the acoustically excited liquid on the surface of the reservoir on demand. Regardless of the timing mechanism employed, the size of the ejected droplets is determined by the waist diameter of the focused acoustic beam. To control, the direction in which the droplets are ejected, provision may be made for producing a controllable acoustical asymmetry for steering the focused acoustic beam in a direction generally parallel to the surface of the reservoir.

Nozzleless liquid droplet ejectors

A solid polymer electrolyte composite for an electrochemical reaction apparatus that possesses satisfactory ion conduction properties and has excellent mechanical strength and heat resistance, is provided. The solid polymer electrolyte composite is characterized in that a solid polymer electrolyte is contained in the continuous pores of an expanded porous polytetrafluoroethylene sheet which has continuous pores and in which the inner surfaces defining the pores are covered with a functional material such as a metal oxide. An electrochemical reaction apparatus containing an electrolyte, wherein said electrochemical reaction apparatus is characterized in that the aforementioned solid polymer electrolyte composite is used as this electrolyte is also provided.

Solid electrolyte composite for electrochemical reaction apparatus

We have devised a new type of simple acoustic focusing device with an interdigital transducer in which all radiation from each section of the transducer constructively interferes at a focal point in water. The position of the focal point of the device is variable by changing the carrier frequency of an electrical signal applied to the transducer. The device is applicable to the acoustic imaging in both transmitting and reflecting modes. This paper reports basic design considerations for the transducer and discusses operational performance.

Acoustic focusing device with an interdigital transducer

An ultrasonic wave transducer which can generate a convergent ultrasonic sound beam. The transducer comprises liquid contained in a housing, a piezoelectric material in said liquid, and interdigital electrode arranged on the surface of said piezoelectric material, an alternating voltage being applied to said interdigital electrode.

Ultrasonic wave transducer

A method of manufacturing a photoelectric conversion device, comprising: forming a thin film of a substance containing PbO and Cr 2 O 3 in a vacuum by an electron beam evaporation process using the substance as a target; and subjecting the thin film to heat treatment in an atmosphere containing at least Pb.

Kohji Toda

Papers

Acoustic focusing device with an interdigital transducer

Ultrasonic wave transducer

Method of manufacturing a photoelectric conversion device