Interpersonal relations — a theory of interdependence

In most parts of the world, globalization has become an unstoppable and potent force that impacts everyday life and international relations. The articles in this issue draw on theoretical insights from diverse perspectives (clinical psychology, consumer research, organizational behavior, political psychology, and cultural psychology) to offer nuanced understanding of individuals’ psychological reactions to globalization in different parts of the world (Australia, Hong Kong, Japan, Mainland China, Singapore, Switzerland, United States, Taiwan). These articles address the questions of how people make sense of and respond to globalization and its sociocultural ramifications; how people defend the integrity of their heritage cultural identities against the “culturally erosive” effects of globalization, and how individuals harness creative insights from their interactions with global cultures. The new theoretical insights and revealing empirical analyses presented in this issue set the stage for an emergent interdisciplinary inquiry into the psychology of globalization.

Toward a social psychology of globalization

/pdf/management-dynamics-in-the-knowledge-economy-1rlab0ywfn.pdf

Management dynamics in the knowledge economy

Traditional media coverage of the Olympic Games has been shown to exhibit biases in terms of gender, nationality, and the type of sports covered, which can contribute to negative societal consequences and inaccurate historical records of such events. Scholars have suggested that because of the Internet�s expanded spatial parameters, new media have the ability to provide more equitable coverage of events such as the Olympics. In this study, we used agenda setting theory to employ a content analysis methodology to determine whether different constructions of the 2012 London Olympics were presented to media consumers on news websites in Australia, Brazil, China, Great Britain, Kenya, and the United States. Findings indicated that very few gender, nationalistic, or sport biases existed in any of the countries� coverage, lending credence to the notion that the Internet affords media managers with an opportunity to provide more equitable coverage and thus a more accurate depiction of events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A unified version of London 2012: : New-media coverage of gender, nationality, and sport for olympics consumers in six countries.

Based on the stereotype content model, we examined Mainland and Hong Kong Chinese' historical representations and future imaginations of China during the 2008 Beijing Olympics. Among Mainland Chinese, China's unprecedented economic growth and the resulted value competition led to the expectation of a more competent China in the future (vs now; a ‘better tomorrow effect’) and a perception of a warmer and more moral China in the past (vs now; the ‘good old days effect’). As the Olympics proceeded, the perceived compatibility of competence and warmth/morality increased and the good old days effect diminished. Hong Kong Chinese, who also witnessed China's growth but did not directly experience the cultural implications of globalization in Mainland China, displayed the better tomorrow effect only.

/pdf/the-good-old-days-and-a-better-tomorrow-historical-3hqjjfpudi.pdf

The good old days and a better tomorrow: Historical representations and future imaginations of China during the 2008 Olympic Games

To investigate whether and how the Beijing Olympic Games influenced the Chinese competitiveness towards foreigners, we conducted a three-wave longitudinal study and found that participants' competitiveness towards foreigners from five comparison target nations, particularly towards Japanese, South Koreans and Kenyans, was higher during the Games than before and/or after. We further found that nationalism predicted the competitiveness toward Japanese and South Koreans, but did not predict the competitiveness toward Americans, Russians and Kenyans. Additionally, we found that patriotism played little role in the effects of the Games on competitiveness towards foreigners. We herein discuss the relationship between national comparisons, nationalism and national conflict.

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111/j.1467-839X.2010.01308.x

From international sports to international competition: Longitudinal study of the Beijing Olympic Games

We conducted two experiments to investigate whether situational correction occurs when interpersonal competitors make dispositional inferences from their opponent's situationally constrained behavior. In both experiments, participants who expected interpersonal competition, judged a target person's disposition after reading information about a constrained or not constrained behavior of their opponent or non-opponent. As predicted, we found that insufficient situational correction occurred when the situationally constrained behavior of the opponent reflected a disposition that implied a high threat level (competitiveness or high ability) but sufficient correction occurred when the behavior reflected a low threat-level disposition (cooperativeness or low ability). Finally, we discussed the relationship between risk-avoidance and situational correction in competition.

/pdf/better-safe-than-sorry-situational-correction-in-34xzpevajz.pdf

Koji Murata

Papers

From international sports to international competition: Longitudinal study of the Beijing Olympic Games

BETTEr SafE ThaN SOrry: SiTuaTiONal COrrECTiON iN iNTErpErSONal COmpETiTiON

Stereotypes about “competence” and “warmth” against people with disabilities