Selective PDE4 inhibition is achieved by aryl and heteroaryl pyrazole compounds. The compounds exhibit improved PDE4 inhibition as compared to compounds such as rolipram and show selectivity with regard to inhibition of other classes of PDEs.

Phosphodiesterase 4 inhibitors

A method is disclosed for laser cladding a substrate, comprising providing the substrate; depositing a first determined variable bead width of a material along a toolpath upon the substrate; depositing a second adjacent determined variable bead width of a material along the toolpath which overlaps the first determined variable bead width of deposited material; continuing to deposit a plurality of overlapping predetermined adjacent variable bead widths of a material until a first material layer is complete; forming a second material layer by depositing a plurality of overlapping predetermined variable bead widths of a material on top of the first material layer; and continuing to deposit material layers on top of deposited material layers until the cladding is complete; wherein the variable bead width of the deposited material is controlled by a computer having a plurality of input parameters to maintain an approximately constant percent of bead width overlap.

Laser net shape manufacturing using an adaptive toolpath deposition method

In soldering together two members such as electronic circuit devices, after an oxide or contaminated layer has been removed from the surface of a solder material or bonding pad, for example, the members are aligned in an oxidizing atmosphere. Then the solder material is heated in a nonoxidizing atmosphere to melt the solder and bond the members. Cleaning of the solder material or bonding pad is performed by sputter-cleaning, laser cleaning, mechanical polishing, or cutting.

Method of fabricating electronic circuit device and apparatus for performing the same method

The present invention relates to light weight composite materials which comprise a metallic layer and a polymeric layer, the polymeric layer containing a filled thermoplastic polymer which includes a thermoplastic polymer and a metallic fiber. The composite materials of the present invention may be formed using conventional stamping equipment at ambient temperatures. Composite materials of the present invention may also be capable of being welded to other metal materials using a resistance welding process such as resistance spot welding.

Formable light weight composites

Light reactive deposition uses an intense light beam (684) to form particles that are directly coated onto a substrate (680) surface. In some embodiments, a coating apparatus comprising a noncircular reactant inlet (682), optical elements forming a light path (684), a first substrate (680), and a motor connected to the apparatus. The reactant inlet (682) defines a reaction zone with a product stream path continuing from the reaction zone. The substrate (680) intersects the product stream path. Also, operation of the motor moves the first substrate (680) relative to the product stream. Various broad methods are described for using light driven chemical reactions to produce efficiently highly uniform coatings.

Coating formation by reactive deposition

PURPOSE:To obtain a stable and good weld bead while relieving the accuracy of a butt level by bringing the top end of a filler metal into contact with a material to be welded, conducting electricity to the power feed part of the filler metal and the material to be welded and executing laser welding while heating the filler metal. CONSTITUTION:A laser beam 1 is irradiated on the material 3 to be welded to form a through-beam hole 4 and while the filler metal 5 is supplied to the immediate underside of the beam 1 from the front of the irradiation point, the welding is executed. The top end part of the filler metal 5 is brought into contact with the material 3 to be welded and electricity is conducted between the filler metal 5 and the material 3 to be welded by a power supply 8 for heating via a power feed tip 6. The top end of the electrically heated filler metal 5 received the irradiation of the laser beam 1 and melts to a droplet which fills the level. The accuracy of the groove is thereby relieved and the stable and good weld bead is obtd.

Laser welding method

PURPOSE:To make the forming speed of a clad layer highly speedy by performing a rough face treatment of the surface of the base material in advance so as to improve the absorption of a laser beam. CONSTITUTION:A rough surface 6 is formed by a sand blasting, etc. in advance on the surface of a steel plate 1 in order to improve the absorption rate of the beam in case of forming the clad layer 5 by the irradiation of the laser beam 4 by feeding a powder 3 to the steel plate 1. By doing so, the laser beam 4 performs irregular reflection on the rough face 6 having small unevenness and the beam absorption rate is increased. In forming the clad layer by the laser, 70-85% of the quantity of heat thereof is the heat quantity for heating the base material 1, but there is only 5% absorption rate on the conventional worked face of roughness zero S and by taking it in 1OS roughness the the absorption rate becomes 40% and the forming speed can be increased 4, 5 times the past.

Laser cladding method

PURPOSE: To improve the thermal fatigue characteristic of a ceramic film by projecting laser light to the surface of the ceramic film formed by thermal spraying to the surface of a metallic material, then cooling the ceramic coating material to form cracks in the ceramic film. CONSTITUTION: The ceramic film 3 having uniform crystal structure is formed by plasma thermal spraying to the surface of, for example, a steel sheet 2. While a condenser system having a condenser lens 5 is moved in parallel with the surface of the film 3. The film 3 is projected with the laser light 4 over the entire in a shielding gas. The surface temp. of the film 3 is quickly increased to a high temp. and since the heat conductivity of the ceramics is small, a large temp. gradient is generated in the thickness direction of the film. Tensile stress, therefore, acts on the surface of the film 3 and generates the many cracks 6 to divide the surface of the film 3 when the ceramic coated sheet 1 is cooled in this state. The cracks 6 buffer thermal impact and can prevent the exfoliation of the film 3 from the steel sheet 2 even if the sheet 1 is repeatedly heated and cooled. COPYRIGHT: (C)1988,JPO&Japio

Method for reinforcing ceramic film

PURPOSE:To perform the electric resistance welding of various stocks for can starting with a tin free steel by irradiating a laser beam on the surface of the overlapping part of the welding zone in advance prior to the welding. CONSTITUTION:The welding is performed by irradiating a laser beam in advance on the whole part or one part of a steel sheet-steel sheet contact faces, 6, 7 and steel sheet-welding electrode contact faces 5, 8 in case of the electric resistance welding of the can stock like the tin-free steel coating with an extremely thin chrome plating on the steel sheet surface. By this laser irradiation, the chrome oxide layer 1 and metallic chrome layer 2 on the surface of the welding zone are completely removed with evaporation or alloyed with the surface material and yet the produced ultrafine powder is completely removed. The electric resistance welding for various can stocks including the tin free steel which was regarded as impossible in the past can therefore be performed easily.

Welding method for can stock

PURPOSE: To obtain a resin composite-type vibration-damping steel sheet with excellent resistance welding property and corrosion resistance by plating a specified amt. of a zinc-manganese alloy contg. a specified amt. of manganese on the inner face of the side of a steel sheet brought into contact with a synthetic resin layer. CONSTITUTION: A resin composite-type vibration-damping steel sheet is prepd. by placing a synthetic resin layer 3 contg. a conductive particle 4 between two steel sheets 1 and 2. 5-50g/m 2 zinc-manganese alloy contg. 60-70wt.% manganese is plated at least on each inner face of each side of the steel sheets 1 and 2 which are brought into contact with a synthetic resin layer 3. The zinc manganese alloy exhibits the best corrosion resistance when the content of manganese is 60-70wt.%. In addition, as the content of zinc is 30-40wt.%, which means low zinc content, the partial vapor pressure of zinc is lowered when welding is performed and the plated layer can be prevented from vaporization. In addition, as the corrosion resistance is good, the thickness of the plated layer can be reduced aid it can contribute to prevent furthermore from vaporization. When the amt. of plating of zinc-manganese is less than 5g/m 2 , the plated layer becomes too thin to be insufficient in corrosion resistance and when it is above 50g/m 2 , even though the corrosion resistance is good, but it lacks economy. COPYRIGHT: (C)1990,JPO&Japio

Kosuge Shigechika

Papers

Laser welding method

Laser cladding method

Method for reinforcing ceramic film

Welding method for can stock

Resin composite type damping steel sheet