자연주의적 탐구조사(Naturalistic Inquiry)

Doing Qualitative Research

Nursing Research—Principles and Methods

Interpreting qualitative data

Positive Psychology: The Scientific and Practical Explorations of Human Strengths

Aims and objectives.  The aim of this literature review was to evaluate and discuss previous research on emotional intelligence with specific focus on empirical and epistemological perspectives.

Background.  The concept of emotional intelligence is derived from extensive research and theory about thoughts, feelings and abilities that, prior to 1990, were considered to be unrelated phenomena. Today, emotional intelligence attracts growing interest worldwide, contributing to critical reflection as well as to various educational, health and occupational outcomes.

Method.  Systematic review.

Findings.  The findings revealed that the epistemological tradition of natural science is the most frequently used and that, therefore, few articles related to humanistic sciences or philosophical perspectives were found. There is no agreement as to whether emotional intelligence is an individual ability, non-cognitive skill, capability or competence. One important finding is that, regardless of the theoretical framework used, researchers agree that emotional intelligence embraces emotional awareness in relation to self and others, professional efficiency and emotional management. There have been some interesting theoretical frameworks that relate emotional intelligence to stress and mental health within different contexts. Emotional learning and maturation processes, i.e. personal growth and development in the area of emotional intelligence, are central to professional competence.

Conclusions.  There is no doubt that the research on emotional intelligence is scarce and still at the developmental stage. Clinical questions pertaining to the nursing profession should be developed with focus on personal qualities of relevance to nursing practice. Different approaches are needed in order to further expand the theoretical, empirical and philosophical foundation of this important and enigmatic concept.

Relevance to clinical practice.  Emotional intelligence may have implications for health promotion and quality of working life within nursing. Emotional intelligence seems to lead to more positive attitudes, greater adaptability, improved relationships and increased orientation towards positive values.

Emotional intelligence: a review of the literature with specific focus on empirical and epistemological perspectives.

Aim To establish a synthesis of the literature on the theoretical and empirical basis of emotional intelligence and it’s linkage to nurse leadership, focusing on subjective well-being and professional development.

Background  Emotional intelligence has been acknowledged in the literature as supporting nurse leadership that fosters a healthy work environment, creating inspiring relationships based on mutual trust. Nurse leaders who exhibit characteristics of emotional intelligence enhance organizational, staff and patient outcomes.

Method  A literature search was undertaken using international data bases covering the period January 1997 to December 2007. Eighteen articles were included in this integrative review and were thoroughly reviewed by both authors.

Results  Emotional intelligence was associated with positive empowerment processes as well as positive organizational outcomes.

Conclusion  Emotionally intelligent nurse leadership characterized by self-awareness and supervisory skills highlights positive empowerment processes, creating a favourable work climate characterized by resilience, innovation and change.

Implications for nursing management  Emotional intelligence cannot be considered a general panacea, but it may offer new ways of thinking and being for nurse leaders, as it takes the intelligence of feelings more seriously by continually reflecting, evaluating and improving leadership and supervisory skills.

Emotionally intelligent nurse leadership: a literature review study

The aim of this study was to explore mental health nurses' experiences of emotional intelligence (EI) in their nursing practice by means of qualitative interviews. The interview questions where developed from the literature on EI. This study used a hermeneutic analysis. Four main themes emerged: relationship with the patient; the substance of supervision; motivation; and responsibility. It was concluded that EI stimulates the search for a deeper understanding of a professional mental health nursing identity. Emotional learning and maturation processes are central to professional competence, that is, personal growth and development. In addition, the moral character of the mental health nurse in relation to clinical practice is of importance. The findings imply multiple types of intelligence related to nursing science as well as further research possibilities within the area of EI.

Emotional intelligence in mental health nurses talking about practice.

Aim
To describe and synthesize previous research on parents' perceptions of their participation in decision making in child health-care services.

Background
Health policy in the area of user involvement emphasizes parent participation in decision-making (DM), thus ensuring that services are provided in accordance with their child's needs and enhancing parents' control over their child's health-care services.

Method
A systematic literature search, covering the period January 2000 to February 2011, found 18 studies that met the inclusion criteria. The analysis process involved data extraction, reduction, comparison and synthesizing.

Findings
Three themes emerged: (1) relational factors and interdependence, (2) personal factors and attitudes and (3) organisational factors.

Conclusions
Parents highlighted the importance of the parent–health professional relationship, professionals' competence and the possibility of varying the degree of participation in decision making. Challenges involved asymmetry in authority and power, professionals' attitudes and competence and organisational shortcomings in health-care services. Health professionals need to become more aware of their critical role and responsibility in involving parents in DM.

Implications for nursing management
Health professionals' attitudes and competence can be improved by knowledge of user involvement and research and facilitating the inclusion of parents in decision making by influencing the culture, routines and resources in the health service.

Parent participation in decision-making in health-care services for children: an integrative review.

Aims: Mental health, currently one of the biggest challenges worldwide, requires attention and research. The aim of this study was to examine the psychometric properties of the Short Warwick–Edinbu...

Kristin Akerjordet

Papers

Emotional intelligence: a review of the literature with specific focus on empirical and epistemological perspectives.

Emotionally intelligent nurse leadership: a literature review study

Emotional intelligence in mental health nurses talking about practice.

Parent participation in decision-making in health-care services for children: an integrative review.

Measuring mental well-being: A validation of the Short Warwick–Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale in Norwegian and Swedish: