The Apocryphal New Testament

Cambridge History of Christianity

This thesis reports the results of a linguistic and theological investigation of the “one flesh” marriage union concept introduced in Genesis 2:24, and the history of its reception throughout the Hebrew Bible and the New Testament Scriptures, with special focus on its New Testament echoes in Mat. 19, Mar. 10, 1Co. 6 and Eph. 5. The aim was to discover whether this concept provides a fundamental, harmonious foundation for a biblical theology of marriage, and whether the “one flesh” union is, at least subliminally, present in the major marriage (and divorce) passages of the Scriptures. Methods employed include, initially, detailed exegesis of Gen. 2:24, giving attention to linguistic and literary features of the passage in context. Reception history was then used to identify the primary passages in both the Hebrew Bible and New Testament impacted by the Gen. 2:24 “one flesh” marriage concept. These in turn were also subjected to detailed exegesis. The combined data emerging from the study of these passages was then examined from the perspective of biblical theology to determine whether a somewhat unified and harmonious biblical theology of the “one flesh” union can be reasonably constructed. The thesis found that the “one flesh” union concept serves as the foundation for the biblical pattern of an ideal marriage. In addition, the “one flesh” union concept serves as a major foundation for several Hebrew Bible and New Testament passages outlining the ideal relationship between Yahweh and his people. Finally, the thesis concludes by presenting a new biblical framework for marriage, divorce and remarriage which deals in a fresh way with theological implications of concubinage, and issues of possible “biblical” grounds for permissible divorce and remarriage.

/pdf/the-biblical-one-flesh-theology-of-marriage-as-constituted-5epoomwi4l.pdf

The Biblical "One Flesh" Theology of Marriage as Constituted in Genesis 2:24: An Exegetical Study of This Human-divine Covenant Pattern, Its New Testament Echoes, and Its Reception History Throughout Scripture

The first Council of Nicaea was summoned in 325 CE by Constantine, within seven months of the victory that installed him as sole ruler of the empire. Eusebius of Caesarea seems none the less to disapprove of the Council of Nicaea altogether when he imputes the beginnings of it to malevolence. Few considerations may have induced Eusebius of Nicomedia to take up the cause of Arius. Eusebius may have thought in good faith that his suppliant had been wrongly condemned, for, while he does not appear to have held that the Son was out of nothing. Whatever the provenance of the 'Nicene symbol', earliest text of it is quoted in the letter of Eusebius, which is appended to the treatise of his opponent Athanasius, De decretis Nicaenae synodi. The Council of Antioch had ratified the condemnation of Arius while purging the creed of clauses which, in the eyes of easterners, were more of a snare than a prop to orthodoxy.

The first Council of Nicaea

.........................................................................................1 Acknowledgements.............................................................................2 Table of contents................................................................................3 Notes on transliteration and terminology....................................................5 Introduction.......................................................................................6 Chronological and geographical scope..........................................11 Civilians: terminology, description and composition.................................15 Existing scholarship on civilians in siege warfare...............................24 Sources and methods................................................................28 Structure of the thesis...............................................................38 Chapter 1. Historical and intellectual background..........................................40 Historical setting....................................................................40 Intellectual and social contexts of key texts......................................48 A chronological table on the sixth-century Persian wars, with a special emphasis on the Sasanids’ sieges of Roman cities..............................54 Chapter 2. Analysis of literary accounts .....................................................55 Words and phrases..................................................................55 Women, children and the urbs capta.............................................61 Motifs from Judeo-Christian Literature..........................................68 The Great King’s kindliness presented in literary sources and the Khwadaynamag tradition............................................................................77 Chapter 3. The experience of civilians in Roman cities...................................88 Loss of life...........................................................................88 Hand-to-hand combat and street battles....................................88 Massacres and executions...................................................92 Lack of subsistence.........................................................103 Sexual violence..................................................................113 Concubinage and sexual relations with the conquerors................113 Rape...........................................................................115 The suicide of two thousand virgins......................................120 Loss and destruction of property................................................123 Plundering....................................................................123

Medical diseases and obesity in major depressive disorder

Josephus was passed on almost exclusively in the Christian sphere. It appears that he was forgotten soon after his death by his fellow Jews. Since no Jewish transmission of Josephus manuscripts exists, either ancient or medieval, neither are there miniatures to his work from the hands of Jewish artists. Further developing work published elsewhere on medieval iconography concerning Jews, the chapter intends to describe the specific representation of Josephus in medieval Christian art. This investigation confirms and supplements the Christian assessment of Judaism within the literary Josephus tradition. Josephus portraits are numerous in illuminated books, generally as 'author portrait' to his works, but otherwise are not found in sacred art. This indicates an ongoing consciousness of Josephus' Jewishness. He remained in some respects the alien; indeed, this was probably necessary. Josephus is seen here in clear affinity with others who wear the hat for whom Jewishness carries no negative connotation.Keywords: Deutsch; Jewish artists; Jewishness; Josephus; medieval biblical manuscripts; medieval Christian art

Josephus in Medieval Christian Art

The numerous correspondences between the Lucan writings, written in the years 80-90, and the Josephan, composed in Rome from the mid-seventies to the late nineties, have long produced theories of Luke's dependence on Josephus, and vice versa. Since the beginnings of early Christianity reach back into the period shortly before the New Testament texts were composed, this problem cannot be ignored. At the present time definite conclusions are still not possible and the discussion remains open. It seems probable that Luke and Josephus wrote independently of one another; for each could certainly have had access to sources and information, which he then employed according to his own perspectives. A characteristic conglomerate of details, which in part agree, in part reflect great similarity, but also in part, appear dissimilar and to stem from different provenances.Keywords: early Christianity; Josephus; Lucan writings; New Testament texts; Rome

Josephus in Early Christian Texts

Die jüdischen Religionsparteien in neutestamentlicher Zeit

Follow up what we will offer in this article about jewish historiography and iconography in early and medieval christianity. You know really that this book is coming as the best seller book today. So, when you are really a good reader or you're fans of the author, it does will be funny if you don't have this book. It means that you have to get this book. For you who are starting to learn about something new and feel curious about this book, it's easy then. Just get this book and feel how this book will give you more exciting lessons.

Kurt Schubert

Papers

Josephus in Medieval Christian Art

Josephus in Early Christian Texts

Die jüdischen Religionsparteien in neutestamentlicher Zeit

Jewish historiography and iconography in early and medieval Christianity

Die Geschichte des österreichischen Judentums