Biodiversity contributes significantly towards human livelihood and development and thus plays a predominant role in the well being of the global population. According to WHO reports, around 80 % of the global population still relies on botanical drugs; today several medicines owe their origin to medicinal plants. Natural substances have long served as sources of therapeutic drugs, where drugs including digitalis (from foxglove), ergotamine (from contaminated rye), quinine (from cinchona), and salicylates (willow bark) can be cited as some classical examples.Drug discovery from natural sources involve a multifaceted approach combining botanical, phytochemical, biological, and molecular techniques. Accordingly, medicinal-plant-based drug discovery still remains an important area, hitherto unexplored, where a systematic search may definitely provide important leads against various pharmacological targets.Ironically, the potential benefits of plant-based medicines have led to unscientific exploitation of the natural resources, a phenomenon that is being observed globally. This decline in biodiversity is largely the result of the rise in the global population, rapid and sometimes unplanned industrialization, indiscriminate deforestation, overexploitation of natural resources, pollution, and finally global climate change.Therefore, it is of utmost importance that plant biodiversity be preserved, to provide future structural diversity and lead compounds for the sustainable development of human civilization at large. This becomes even more important for developing nations, where well-planned bioprospecting coupled with nondestructive commercialization could help in the conservation of biodiversity, ultimately benefiting mankind in the long run.Based on these findings, the present review is an attempt to update our knowledge about the diverse therapeutic application of different plant products against various pharmacological targets including cancer, human brain, cardiovascular function, microbial infection, inflammation, pain, and many more.

Medicinal plants, human health and biodiversity: a broad review.

Molecular understanding of the protective role of natural products on isoproterenol-induced myocardial infarction: A review.

Electrical and ferroelectric properties of undoped and La-doped PZT (52/48) electroceramics synthesized by sol–gel method

In this work, Eu substituted La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (LSMO) is studied to achieve high temperature coefficient of resistance (TCR). The compounds La0.7−xEuxSr0.3MnO3 with x=0, 0.1 0.2 and 0.3 are prepared by solid state reaction route and their structural and transport properties are examined by different characterization techniques. The metal–semiconductor/insulator transition temperature (TMI) decreases from 390 K (for x=0) to 240 K (for x=0.3) with decrease in average ionic radius 〈 r A 〉 of A-site. The maximum TCR percentage of La0.7−xEuxSr0.3MnO3 compound is found to be increased for x=0.2 (1.9%) and for x=0.3 (3.36%) compared to its parent compound La0.7Sr0.3MnO3 (1.1%). The substitution of Eu increases the lattice distortion, which enhances the TCR value from 1.1% to 3.36%. The robustness of distortion increases with decreasing 〈 r A 〉 which is well correlated with the high magneto-resistance, and high TCR findings.

Study of structural effect on Eu-substituted LSMO manganite for high temperature coefficient of resistance

Glucose uptake by isolated diaphragms of both diabetic, following streptozotocin administration, and non-diabetic animals increased in presence of an oleanane-type triterpenoid saponin isolated from the roots of M. cymbalaria. Insulin release was augmented by the presence of the saponin of M. cymbalaria (1 mg/mL) in rat insulinoma cell line (RIN-5F) preexposed to adrenaline (5 microM) and nifedipine (50 microM). Pancreatic histology also indicated considerable quantitative increase in beta-cells (75%) when treated with the saponin. The results suggest that the saponin of M. cymbalaria possesses potential antidiabetic activity with respect to insulin secretion, which may be attributed to modulation of calcium channel, and beta-cell rejuvenation.

http://nopr.niscair.res.in/bitstream/123456789/25149/1/IJEB%2052%281%29%2046-52.pdf

Antidiabetic activity of a triterpenoid saponin isolated from Momordica cymbalaria Fenzl.

Synthesis and characterization of microwave processed PZT material

Momordica cymbalaria (M. cymbalaria) holds medicinal value and is used traditionally for treatment of various disorders. In the present study, we tested cardioprotective potential of M. cymbalaria against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced cardiac injury. Pretreatment with ethanolic extract of M. cymbalaria at 250 and 500 mg/kg prevented the elevation of serum marker enzymes, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatinine kinase-MB Fraction (CK-MB), aspartate transaminase (AST), alanine transaminase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and alterations in the oxidative stress markers like lipid peroxidase (LPO), glutathione (GSH), catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) caused by ISO (60 mg/kg s.c, 2days)- induced myocardial infarction in rats. The protective effect was confirmed by histological findings and was more prominent at 500 mg/kg. Hence, we conclude that pretreatment with ethanolic extract of M. cymbalaria protects against isoproterenolinduced myocardial injury.

Cardioprotective Effect Of Momordica Cymbalaria Fenzl In Rats With Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury

Introduction:The diagnosis of Ewing sarcoma family of tumours (ESFT) is challenging, especially in adults and in extra-skeletal or visceral location. Several morphologic mimics with varied treatmen...

https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/pdf/10.1177/2632010X20970210

Ewing Sarcoma With Emphasis on Extra-skeletal Ewing Sarcoma: A Decade's Experience From a Single Centre in India.

Although sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) has become a standard of care for management of axilla in breast cancer patients, the technique of SLNB is still not well defined. Unlike radioactive sulfur colloid which requires nuclear medicine facilities, methylene blue dye is readily available. The purpose of this study is to validate the use of methylene blue dye alone for SLNB in early breast cancer patients. 60 patients of early breast cancer were randomized to receive either methylene blue alone (Group A-30 patients) or a combination of both methylene blue and radioactive colloid (Group B-30 patients) for detection of sentinel lymph nodes. Sentinel lymph node biopsy was done followed by complete axillary dissection in all patients. In both Groups A and B, sentinel node was identified in all 30 patients, giving identification rate of 100%. In group A, sentinel node was the only positive node in 1 patient, with a false-positive rate of 14.2%. The negative predictive value was 91.3%. The sensitivity of the procedure in predicting further axillary disease was 75% with a specificity of 95.45%. The overall accuracy was 90%. In group B, sentinel node was the only positive node in 2 cases, giving a false-positive rate of 28.7%. The negative predictive value was 95.65%. The sensitivity of the procedure in predicting further axillary disease was 83.33% with a specificity of 91.67%. The overall accuracy was 90%. Although the false-negative rate was slightly higher with methylene blue alone than that using combination (8.6%-4.3%), it was statistically insignificant. Similarly the sensitivity (75%-83.33%), specificity (95.45-91.67%), and negative predictive value (91.3%-95.67%) were also comparable between groups A and B, respectively. Negative predictive value and false-negative rates are comparable, whether blue dye is used alone or a combination of blue dye and radioactive colloid is used. Sentinel lymph node biopsy with blue dye alone is reliable and can be put to clinical practice more widely, even if nuclear medicine facilities are not available in resource constrained centers, so as to reduce long-term morbidity of axillary dissection, with similar oncological outcomes.

A Randomized Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Methylene Blue Dye Alone Versus Combination of Methylene Blue Dye and Radioactive Sulfur Colloid in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Early Stage Breast Cancer Patients

Kvvn Raju

Papers

Synthesis and characterization of microwave processed PZT material

Cardioprotective Effect Of Momordica Cymbalaria Fenzl In Rats With Isoproterenol-Induced Myocardial Injury

Ewing Sarcoma With Emphasis on Extra-skeletal Ewing Sarcoma: A Decade's Experience From a Single Centre in India.

A Randomized Trial Comparing the Efficacy of Methylene Blue Dye Alone Versus Combination of Methylene Blue Dye and Radioactive Sulfur Colloid in Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy for Early Stage Breast Cancer Patients

Structural, electrical, magnetic, elastic and anelastic behaviour of Nd0.6Ca0.4MnO3