Amniotic fluid cytokines (interleukin-6, tumor necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-8) and the risk for the development of bronchopulmonary dysplasia

The relationship among inflammatory lesions of the umbilical cord (funisitis), umbilical cord plasma interleukin 6 concentration, amniotic fluid infection, and neonatal sepsis.

High expression of tumor necrosis factor-α and interleukin-6 in periventricular leukomalacia ☆ ☆☆ ★ ★★ ♢

Objective: The objectives of this study were to: (1) determine the amniotic fluid (AF) microbiology of patients with preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM); and (2) examine the relationship between intra-amniotic inflammation with and without microorganisms (sterile inflammation) and adverse pregnancy outcomes in patients with preterm PROM.Methods: AF samples obtained from 59 women with preterm PROM were analyzed using cultivation techniques (for aerobic and anaerobic bacteria as well as genital mycoplasmas) and with broad-range polymerase chain reaction coupled with electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (PCR/ESI-MS). AF concentration of interleukin-6 (IL-6) was determined using ELISA. Results of both tests were correlated with AF IL-6 concentrations and the occurrence of adverse obstetrical/perinatal outcomes.Results: (1) PCR/ESI-MS, AF culture, and the combination of these two tests each identified microorganisms in 36% (21/59), 24% (14/59) and 41% (24/59) of women with preterm PROM, r...

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Kyo Hoon Park

Papers

Serum C-reactive protein, white blood cell count, and amniotic fluid white blood cell count in women with preterm premature rupture of membranes