Synthesis of maximum water recovery network for batch process systems

Quantitative tools for cultivating symbiosis in industrial parks; a literature review

This paper deals with the design of flexible multiple plant water networks. Some practical features of multiple plant integration such as operating flexibility and expensive operating cost have made the number of cross plant interconnections (CPIs) an important parameter of water minimization problem. By combining pinch insight with mathematical programming, target freshwater usage and CPI conditions are obtained first without considering the detailed network design. Subsequently, an MILP model is established for the design of flexible water networks of individual plants. The proposed systematic approach can be applied for both fixed contaminant (FC) operations and fixed flow rate (FF) operations, limited to a single contaminant. An example from literature and a practical example of a chlor−alkali complex are used to illustrate the applicability of the approach.

Design Methodology for Flexible Multiple Plant Water Networks

An integrated methodology for environmental impacts and costs evaluation in industrial processes

Growth and Repair Potential of Three Species of Bacteria in Reclaimed Wastewater after UV Disinfection

Analysis of technological wastewater streams in a refinery and petrochemical complex was carried out. Wastewater flowrates, temperatures, pH and pollutant contents were measured. Regarding the characteristics of the individual waters, possible connections between water outflows from the processes or process units and potential water consumers were determined. Possibilities to reduce the flowrate of technological wastewater with wastewater reuse or preliminary regeneration and reuse were found. The consumption of fresh water could be lowered by 11.2 m 3 /h, reducing the treatment system load and prolonging its residence time by 7%. The payback period for the changes proposed in the petrochemical plants is 6 months with annual savings of US$27 630. The payback period for the changes proposed in the refinery is 11 days with annual savings of US$15 500.

L Zbontar

Papers

Total site : wastewater minimization : wastewater reuse and regeneration reuse