A number of improvements relating to methods and apparatuses for kidney dialysis are disclosed. These include checking of dialysate bypass status using flow measurement; using a flow sensor to confirm the absence of ultrafiltration during bypass; automatic testing of ultrafiltration function by removal of a discrete volume from a portion of the dialysate flow path coupled with a pressure test of that part of the flow path; using a touch screen user interface; bar graph profile programming of ultrafiltration, sodium, and bicarbonate parameters; using a RAM card to upload treatment instructions to, and to download treatment data from, the machine; automatic setting of proportioning mode (acetate or bicarbonate) based on connections of concentrate lines; predicting dialysate conductivity values based on brand and formulation of concentrates; minimizing no-flow dead time between dialysate pulses; initiating operation in a timed mode from a machine power-off condition; preserving machine mode during machine power-fail condition; calibration scheduling and reminding; automatic level adjusting; and blood leak flow rate detecting.

Method and apparatus for kidney dialysis

A system, method and apparatus for performing a renal replacement therapy is provided. In one embodiment, two small high flux dialyzers (20, 30) are connected in series. A restriction (40) is placed between the two dialyzers in the dialysate flow path (962). The restriction is variable and adjustable in one preferred embodiment. The restriction builds a positive pressure in the venous dialyzer, causing a high degree of intentional backfiltration. That backfiltration causes a significant flow of dialysate through the high flux venous membrane directly into the patient's blood. That backfiltered solution is subsequently ultrafiltered from the patient from the arterial dialyzer. The diffusion of dialysate into the venous filter and removal of dialysate from the arterial dialyzer causes a convective transport of toxins from the patient. Additionally, the dialysate that does not diffuse directly into the patient but instead flows across the membranes of both dialyzers provides a diffusive clearance of waste products.

High convection home hemodialysis/hemofiltration and sorbent system

Methods and devices for providing dialysis treatment are provided. The device includes a resin bed including zirconium phosphate, zirconium oxide, and urease.

Method and composition for removing uremic toxins in dialysis processes

The ultra-filtration in a hemodialysis operation is controlled by a control apparatus which is connected to a balancing device (1) and to a dosing device (9) to form a closed loop control circuit for the metered supply of dialysis concentrate into the balancing device and for the metered supply of fresh dialysis solution into the dialyzer. The closed loop control circuit controls the alternating supply of fresh dialysis solution into one chamber of a balancing device and the withdrawal of used-up dialysis solution from the other chamber of the balancing device. The closed loop control circuit also controls a pump for the metered withdrawal of used-up dialysis solution out of the dialysis circulatory system. The dosing device operates as a proportionality device to produce fresh dialysis solution from water and dialysis concentrate whereby the concentrate is dosed and the dialysis solution is also dosed or metered.

Hemodialysis apparatus with degassing means for the dialysis solution

Apparatus for performing a self-test of kidney dialysis membrane

Apparatus for and method of automatically controlling the quantity and rate of liquid removed from blood during hemodialysis The apparatus supplies dialysate in a single pass system in a closed, controlled volume circuit which includes an above atmospheric pressure portion and a below atmospheric pressure portion The above atmospheric pressure portion includes a pair of chambers for alternate supply to and removal of the dialysate from the below atmospheric pressure portion which contains an artificial kidney and a third means for removing fresh dialysate from the above atmospheric pressure portion; the below atmospheric pressure portion includes means which isolates the kidney containing portion and restores pressure to spent dialysate to a pressure at least equal to or higher than the pressure of the dialysate fed into said closed circuit; the above atmospheric circuit also includes means for removing gas from the spent dialysate prior to filling the spent dialysate removal chamber before discard

Landau Julian I

Papers

Apparatus and method for automatically controlling hemodialysis at a pre-selected ultrafiltration rate

Verfahren und vorrichtung zum automatischen steuern der haemodialyse bei einer vorgewaehlten ultrafiltrationsgeschwindigkeit