6.2.2. Definition of Effective Properties 3064 6.3. Response Properties to Magnetic Fields 3066 6.3.1. Nuclear Shielding 3066 6.3.2. Indirect Spin−Spin Coupling 3067 6.3.3. EPR Parameters 3068 6.4. Properties of Chiral Systems 3069 6.4.1. Electronic Circular Dichroism (ECD) 3069 6.4.2. Optical Rotation (OR) 3069 6.4.3. VCD and VROA 3070 7. Continuum and Discrete Models 3071 7.1. Continuum Methods within MD and MC Simulations 3072

/pdf/quantum-mechanical-continuum-solvation-models-3edv963g14.pdf

Quantum mechanical continuum solvation models.

The field of phase transitions and critical phenomena continues to be active in research, producing a steady stream of interesting and fruitful results. It has moved into a central place in condensed matter studies. Statistical physics, and more specifically, the theory of transitions between states of matter, more or less defines what we know about 'everyday' matter and its transformations. The major aim of this serial is to provide review articles that can serve as standard references for research workers in the field, and for graduate students and others wishing to obtain reliable information on important recent developments.

Phase Transitions and Critical Phenomena

Electrostatic interaction of a solute with a continuum. A direct utilizaion of AB initio molecular potentials for the prevision of solvent effects

This paper reviews recent experimental and theoretical progress concerning many-body phenomena in dilute, ultracold gases. It focuses on effects beyond standard weak-coupling descriptions, such as the Mott-Hubbard transition in optical lattices, strongly interacting gases in one and two dimensions, or lowest-Landau-level physics in quasi-two-dimensional gases in fast rotation. Strong correlations in fermionic gases are discussed in optical lattices or near-Feshbach resonances in the BCS-BEC crossover.

/pdf/many-body-physics-with-ultracold-gases-552s10zfdn.pdf

Many-Body Physics with Ultracold Gases

A new definition of order called topological order is proposed for two-dimensional systems in which no long-range order of the conventional type exists. The possibility of a phase transition characterized by a change in the response of the system to an external perturbation is discussed in the context of a mean field type of approximation. The critical behaviour found in this model displays very weak singularities. The application of these ideas to the xy model of magnetism, the solid-liquid transition, and the neutral superfluid are discussed. This type of phase transition cannot occur in a superconductor nor in a Heisenberg ferromagnet.

https://iopscience.iop.org/article/10.1088/0022-3719/6/7/010/pdf

Ordering, metastability and phase transitions in two-dimensional systems

The decay of luminescent intensity due to pairs of donors and acceptors present in unequal concentrations is described by a simple asymptotic formula, which becomes accurate as soon as the closest pairs have decayed completely. For shorter times a known power series is serviceable but corrections for various more or less specific interactions are particularly pertinent to the earliest stages of decay. In dealing with Cu-activated ZnS, Hagston's idea of preferential pairing applies in modified form. The expected early decay rates of green and blue emissions differ and both vary with the ratio of their intensities.

Asymptotic forms for luminescent intensity due to donor-acceptor pair recombination?

Eine altbekannte Formel für die Steigerung der elektrolytischen Dissoziation in starken elektrischen Feldern wird durch ein bis jetzt unbeachtetes Störungsverfahren abgeleitet. Wegen ungleichmäßiger Annäherung erscheint das Ergebnis zunächst unbestimmt; immerhin läßt sich eine eindeutige Antwort begründen. Das Verfahren eignet sich dazu, die Abschirmung der Coulombfelder durch die Ionenwolken in Rechnung zu tragen.

Zur Theorie des Wieneffekts in schwachen Elektrolyten

Activity Coefficients and Mass-Action Law in Electrolytes

Errata: Conductance of Strong Electrolytes at Finite Dilutions

A charge on the wall of a capillary increases the capillary rise of a wetting electrolyte solution by a small but measurable amount. As first shown by Langmuir the radius of the capillary is reduced by the thickness of the wetting film. An additional effect due to the vertical component of the wall forces at the edge of the meniscus may be significant even when these forces do not suffice to support a film at the level of the capillary rise. We have supplemented Langmuir’s computation accordingly by deriving formulae for the increase in capillary rise due to wall charge effects for two extreme cases. In the first of these, the electrical potential at the electrolyte-wall interface is assumed independent of height and in the second, the charge density at this interface is assumed independent of height. When applied to the data of Jones and Ray on KCl the formulae derived under either extreme assumption served to eliminate the minimum in the relative surface tension vs. concentration curve obtained originally by Jones and Ray. Furthermore, our formulae predict no difference in the magnitude of the correction between the two extreme cases for most 1-1 electrolytes.

Lars Onsager

Papers

Asymptotic forms for luminescent intensity due to donor-acceptor pair recombination?

Zur Theorie des Wieneffekts in schwachen Elektrolyten

Activity Coefficients and Mass-Action Law in Electrolytes

Errata: Conductance of Strong Electrolytes at Finite Dilutions

The Effect of Wall Charge on the Capillary Rise of Electrolytes