/pdf/role-theory-perspectives-past-present-and-future-2csdz03t.pdf

Role Theory Perspectives: Past, Present, and Future Applications of Role Theories in Management Research

ABSTRACT A major barrier to advancing ornithology is the systemic exclusion of professionals from the Global South. A recent special feature, Advances in Neotropical Ornithology, and a shortfalls analysis therein, unintentionally followed a long-standing pattern of highlighting individuals, knowledge, and views from the Global North, while largely omitting the perspectives of people based within the Neotropics. Here, we review current strengths and opportunities in the practice of Neotropical ornithology. Further, we discuss problems with assessing the state of Neotropical ornithology through a northern lens, including discovery narratives, incomplete (and biased) understanding of history and advances, and the promotion of agendas that, while currently popular in the north, may not fit the needs and realities of Neotropical research. We argue that future advances in Neotropical ornithology will critically depend on identifying and addressing the systemic barriers that hold back ornithologists who live and work in the Neotropics: unreliable and limited funding, exclusion from international research leadership, restricted dissemination of knowledge (e.g., through language hegemony and citation bias), and logistical barriers. Moving forward, we must examine and acknowledge the colonial roots of our discipline, and explicitly promote anti-colonial agendas for research, training, and conservation. We invite our colleagues within and beyond the Neotropics to join us in creating new models of governance that establish research priorities with vigorous participation of ornithologists and communities within the Neotropical region. To include a diversity of perspectives, we must systemically address discrimination and bias rooted in the socioeconomic class system, anti-Blackness, anti-Brownness, anti-Indigeneity, misogyny, homophobia, tokenism, and ableism. Instead of seeking individual excellence and rewarding top-down leadership, institutions in the North and South can promote collective leadership. In adopting these approaches, we, ornithologists, will join a community of researchers across academia building new paradigms that can reconcile our relationships and transform science. Spanish and Portuguese translations are available in the Supplementary Material. How to Cite Soares, L., K. L. Cockle, E. Ruelas Inzunza, J. T. Ibarra, C. I. Miño, S. Zuluaga, E. Bonaccorso, J. C. Ríos-Orjuela, F. A. Montaño-Centellas, J. F. Freile, et al. (2023). Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future. Ornithological Applications 125:duac046. LAY SUMMARY Research conducted by ornithologists living and working in Latin America and the Caribbean has been historically and systemically excluded from global scientific paradigms, ultimately holding back ornithology as a discipline. To avoid replicating systems of exclusion in ornithology, authors, editors, reviewers, journals, scientific societies, and research institutions need to interrupt long-held assumptions, improve research practices, and change policies around funding and publication. To advance Neotropical ornithology and conserve birds across the Americas, institutions should invest directly in basic field biology research, reward collective leadership, and strengthen funding and professional development opportunities for people affected by current research policies. Resumen Una barrera importante para el avance de la ornitología es la exclusión sistémica de los profesionales del Sur Global. Una colección especial de artículos publicada recientemente, Advances in Neotropical Ornithology, incluye un análisis de deficiencias que involuntariamente sigue un largo patrón de destacar a las personas, el conocimiento y las opiniones de los EEUU y Europa (Norte Global) mientras que omite en gran medida las perspectivas de personas basadas en el Neotrópico. Aquí revisamos las fortalezas y oportunidades actuales en la práctica de la ornitología neotropical. Además, discutimos el problema de evaluar el estado de la ornitología neotropical a través de una visión del norte, incluida la propagación de narrativas de descubrimiento, una imagen incompleta (y sesgada) de su historia y avances, y la promoción de preguntas, herramientas y enfoques que, si bien son populares actualmente en el norte, no necesariamente encajan en la agenda y realidades de la investigación neotropical. Argumentamos que los avances futuros en la ornitología neotropical dependerán críticamente de identificar y abordar las deficiencias sistémicas que frenan a los ornitólogos que viven y trabajan en el Neotrópico: financiamiento limitado y poco confiable, exclusión del liderazgo de la investigación internacional, difusión restringida del conocimiento (por ejemplo, a través de la hegemonía del idioma y el sesgo de citación) y barreras logísticas. En el futuro, debemos examinar y reconocer las raíces coloniales de nuestra disciplina y promover agendas de investigación, capacitación y conservación que sean explícitamente anticoloniales. Invitamos a nuestros colegas dentro y fuera del Neotrópico a unirnos en la creación de nuevos modelos de gobernanza que establezcan prioridades de investigación con una participación vigorosa de ornitólogos y otras partes interesadas de la región neotropical. Para incluir una diversidad de perspectivas, debemos abordar sistémicamente la discriminación y el sesgo arraigados en el sistema de clases socioeconómicas, el racismo anti-negro, anti-mestizo y anti-indígena, la misoginia, la homofobia, la inclusión simbólica y el capacitismo. En lugar de buscar la excelencia individual y recompensar el liderazgo de arriba hacia abajo, las instituciones del norte y del sur pueden promover el liderazgo colectivo. Al adoptar estos enfoques, los ornitólogos nos uniremos a una comunidad de investigadores de toda la academia en la construcción de nuevos paradigmas que reconcilien nuestras relaciones y transformen la ciencia. Hay traducciones al español y al portugués en el material suplementario.

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Neotropical ornithology: Reckoning with historical assumptions, removing systemic barriers, and reimagining the future

Bicycling as a form of active travel (AT) can provide substantial health benefits for all populations, regardless of age, gender, race/ethnicity, or sexual orientation. Despite these known benefits, disparities and inequities in bicycling are still shown in many underserved community populations. Community bicycle coalitions and advocacy organizations are considered to be a key resource for increasing bicycling throughout U.S. communities. This study aimed to understand coalition's capacity (ability to identify, mobilize, and address problems) for programming to underserved populations (racial/ethnic minorities, women, low-income, youth, LGBTQ + communities) in their community. U.S. bicycle coalitions affiliated with the League of American Bicyclists were invited to participate in an online survey via email. The survey, grounded in a community organizing framework, addressed basic information about the coalition's functioning, community demographics, barriers/desired tools to reaching underserved populations, priorities, important outcomes of coalition's advocacy work, as well as a variety of other bicycle-related equity questions for specific populations. Geographically dispersed coalitions (n = 71) completed the survey. On average, participants stated a lack of programming in underserved populations compared to the general population, and also stated many barriers/desired tools for reaching underserved populations. On average, coalitions also ranked the importance of equity low, and ranked ‘providing equitable opportunities’ as a low priority. The capacity for delivering programming to underserved populations throughout the community is lacking. In order to address bicycling disparities among underserved community populations, bicycle coalitions should attempt to implement strategies to provide equitable programming. 

Bicycle advocacy organizations and coalitions’ capacity for equitable programming: Findings from a national survey

Racial equity in social psychological science: A guide for scholars, institutions, and the field

Contributive Justice: An Invisible Barrier to Workplace Inclusion

Despite statements in support of racial justice, many organizations fail to make good on their commitments to diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI). In this review, we describe the role of the narrative of racial progress—which conceives of society as rapidly and automatically ascending toward racial equity—in these failures. Specifically, the narrative (1) envisions organizations as race neutral, (2) creates barriers to complex cross-race discussions about equity, (3) creates momentum for less effective policy change, and (4) reduces urgency around DEI goals. Thus, an effective DEI strategy will involve organizational leaders overcoming this narrative by acknowledging past DEI failures and, most critically, implementing immediate and evidence-based structural changes that are essential for creating a more just and equitable workplace.

LaStarr Hollie

Papers

How narratives of racial progress create barriers to diversity, equity, and inclusion in organizations.