Showing papers by "Laszlo Irinyi published in 2006"

Phomas - can these fungi be used as biocontrol agents and sources of secondary metabolites? (A review).

Abstract: Phoma is a genus containing more than 2000 described species. This genus traditionally refers to simple stem inhabiting pycnidial fungus with small hyaline, unicellular pycnidiospores (Sutton, 1980). Phomas cause various serious diseases to plants as well as to humans (Rai 1989, 2000). Besides these harmful aspects, certain Phoma species also contains antibiotic potential and economically useful secondary metabolites. As widespread plant pathogens around the world occur on a broad range of plant species, e.g. P. glomerata has been reported on grape, potato, wheat, pear, mango, rice and many other crops. Some important example include Phoma lingam that causes the very serious blackleg disease in canola. It is also found on other cruciferous crops such as cabbages, cauliflower and summer rape. P. medicaginis var. medicaginis is the causal agent of spring black stem of alfalfa. P. pinodella causes foot rot in peas and black stem in clovers. All of these pathogens can overwinter in crop debris and are often seedborne. Development of disease symptoms caused by these Phoma spp. will often be enhanced in wet and cool conditions. Within this genus large pathogenic variations are shown which often complicates the control of Phoma, especially in legumes.

Classification of Phoma species using new phylogenetic marker

Abstract: The cosmopolitan Phoma genus contains mainly phytopathogenic, opportunistic parasite, and saprophyte fungal species. The currently applied classification is based on morphological characters. In this study, a preliminary classification for six taxa of Phoma were constructed, viz. P. exigua var. linicola, P. pinodella, P. eupyrena, P. herbarum, P. foveata, and P. destructiva, based on DNA sequence data of translation elongation factor1 subunit (EF1 = tef1). The six Phoma species were compared to two species of the closely related Ascochyta genus, and was divided into two clades. The phylogenetic tree based on tef1 sequences does not support the traditional Phoma sections set up by morphological characters.