An appropriate cellular response to implanted surfaces is essential for tissue regeneration and integration. It is well described that implanted materials are immediately coated with proteins from blood and interstitial fluids, and it is through this adsorbed layer that cells sense foreign surfaces. Hence, it is the adsorbed proteins, rather than the surface itself, to which cells initially respond. Diverse studies using a range of materials have demonstrated the pivotal role of extracellular adhesion proteins—fibronectin and vitronectin in particular—in cell adhesion, morphology, and migration. These events underlie the subsequent responses required for tissue repair, with the nature of cell surface interactions contributing to survival, growth, and differentiation. The pattern in which adhesion proteins and other bioactive molecules adsorb thus elicits cellular reactions specific to the underlying physicochemical properties of the material. Accordingly, in vitro studies generally demonstrate favorable cell responses to charged, hydrophilic surfaces, corresponding to superior adsorption and bioactivity of adhesion proteins. This review illustrates the mediation of cell responses to biomaterials by adsorbed proteins, in the context of osteoblasts and selected materials used in orthopedic implants and bone tissue engineering. It is recognized, however, that the periimplant environment in vivo will differ substantially from the cell–biomaterial interface in vitro. Hence, one of the key issues yet to be resolved is that of the interface composition actually encountered by osteoblasts within the sequence of inflammation and bone regeneration.

Mediation of biomaterial-cell interactions by adsorbed proteins: A review

Pendahuluan: Retensi urin pasca operasi sering terjadi pada pasien, jumlahnya mencapai 30%. Bladder training merupakan  upaya untuk mengembalikan fungsi urin yang mengalami gangguan kedalam keadaan normal atau fungsi optimal neurogenik. Belum banyak literature review terbaru yang membahas terkait pengaruh bladder training terhadap inkontinensia urine pada pasien post operasi. Tujuan: Literature review ini bertujuan untuk meninjau literature terkait pengaruh bladder training terhadap inkontinensia urine pada pasien post operasi  Metode: Pencarian literature menggunakan 4 database; ProQuest, PubMed, ScienceDirect, dan Google Scholar yang diterbitkan pada tahun 2017- 2022. Bahasa artikel adalah Bahasa Indonesia dan Bahasa Inggris. Kata kunci yang dipakai dalam penelitian ini sesuai dengan Medical Subject Heading (MeSH) yaitu: “Bladder Training” AND “Urine Incontinence” AND “Post Operation Patient”. Hasil: Diperoleh sebanyak 7 artikel yang sesuai dengan kriteria inklusi literature review yang telah ditetapkan. Kesimpulan: Bladder training pada 4 penelitian terbukti berpengaruh positif pada kandung kemih pasien post operasi dan pada 3 penelitian terbukti bahwa bladder training tidak berpengaruh signifikan pada kandung kemih pasien post operasi. Saran: Diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut terkait pengaruh bladder training pada pasien post operasi dengan menggunakan sampel yang lebih banyak untuk menghasilkan penelitian yang lebih akurat.

Pengaruh bladder training terhadap inkontinensia urin pada pasien post operasi : literature review

The aim of this study was to analyse the experience of users of indwelling bladder catheters and evaluate the anticipated usability of a prototype of the T-Control® urinary catheter (without being inserted) by patients who were able to compare the differences between the T-Control® prototype and other urinary catheters and urinary catheter accessories. A qualitative study was conducted with people who had lived with an indwelling urinary catheter for at least 1 week. Two user-centred design techniques were applied: patient experience trajectory map and Think Aloud, a method where the participants were able to express their previous experiences, expectations and preferences while manipulating the devices. The experiential trajectory was collected based on a semi-structured following interviews. Participants were able to manipulate the new T-Control® and, based on their previous experiences, compare the potential usability of T-control® with Foley-type catheter and its accessories All the participants stated that they had experienced negative emotions concerning bladder catheterisation during the trajectory of use, from the initial prescription and adaptation to the follow-up, and the forced life changes that a permanent catheterisation implies. The most frequent emotions were rejection and sadness. The new T-Control® device could potentially improve the patient experience, as all participants perceived advantages related to the closure system, ease of use, safety and discretion. Participants also noted its closure system as an advantage and highlighted its ease of use, although one-handed operation required some learning. Catheters currently on the market are functional, but some patients do not always have a satisfactory experience. This might negatively affect their quality of life, so there is a wide market opportunity for new devices that improve clinical and psychological care. Based on patient evaluation, the new T-Control® device with a built-in valve could provide benefits for patients. 

https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdfdirect/10.1111/ijun.12362

Indwelling catheter patient experiences and the potential usability and acceptance of the
 T‐Control
 ® prototype urinary catheter

Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are common with indwelling catheter use. Our primary aim was to compare UTI rates in women sent home after surgery with continuous bladder drainage versus a urinary catheter valve. This was a non-inferiority prospective randomized controlled study between June 2016 to June 2019. Women who were being discharged home with a Foley catheter following urogynecologic surgery due to urinary retention were randomized to a continuous urinary drainage bag or a urinary catheter valve. The primary outcome of this study was post-operative UTI rates within 30 days of surgery. The secondary outcome was patient satisfaction, as determined by a Foley satisfaction questionnaire. Out of 97 women, 51 were randomized to continuous drainage and 46 to the urinary catheter valve. Comparing UTI rates, the urinary catheter valve (32.6%) was non-inferior to the continuous urinary drainage bag (33.3%). The upper bound of the 95% CI was less than the predetermined non-inferiority margin (difference 0.7%, 95% CI: −0.195, 0.180), and therefore non-inferiority criteria were met. Patients were more satisfied with the urinary catheter valve than with the continuous drainage bag (p ≤ 0.001). Use of this urinary catheter valve increased patient satisfaction without affecting the post-operative UTI rate. This easy and inexpensive device could help patients have a better catheter experience and should be considered in women being discharged home with a urinary catheter.

A urinary catheter valve is non-inferior to continuous bladder drainage with respect to post-operative UTIs: a randomized controlled trial

Since the introduction of vaginal mesh kits in 2002, there has been a significant increase in the number of pelvic reconstructive surgeries involving vaginal mesh to treat pelvic organ prolapse. This trend continued until around 2008, when the first public health notice was published by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) regarding complications and adverse events associated with the use of synthetic mesh in prolapse and stress urinary incontinence surgery. In order to fully understand the risks and benefits associated with transvaginal mesh implantation for pelvic organ prolapse, understanding not only the properties of synthetic mesh material but also the body’s response to its implantation is critical. One must also have a broad depth of knowledge regarding the clinical data that exists regarding transvaginal mesh placement.

Laura Dhariwal

Papers

A urinary catheter valve is non-inferior to continuous bladder drainage with respect to post-operative UTIs: a randomized controlled trial

The Use of Mesh in Pelvic Floor Reconstruction