Leonardo Kapural

TL;DR: Greater spinal cord activation seen in the closed-loop group suggests a mechanistic explanation for the superior results, which aligns with the putative mechanism of action for spinal cord stimulation and warrants further investigation.

TL;DR: This review provides background on the development of SCS, which has been driven around a paresthesia-based paradigm as a result of the gate control theory, and a review of recent results paresthesis-free strategies should encourage research on mechanisms of action.

TL;DR: Triamcinolone does not increase pain relief or lengthen the effects of EUS-CPB, and the trial was stopped for futility.

TL;DR: Lidocaine 5% patches did not reduce acute or persistent pain in patients having robotic thoracic surgery, though pain scores were low in both treatment groups, and clinicians should choose alternative analgesic approaches in these patients.

TL;DR: An anterior needle approach to the lateral articular branches of the femoral and obturator nerves, and subsequently RF denervation of these nerves, is a safe procedure when US needle guidance is combined with identification of landmarks using fluoroscopy.