A power augmentation apparatus and process for effectively adding a mass flow of water to the working fluid acquired by the compressor of an industrial gas turbine, and especially for adding a mass flow of water to a fully-humidified working fluid for reducing the work of compression performed by the compressor and achieving a net augmentation of the power produced by the turbine, said apparatus and process preferably including the use of a spray rack group assembly having at least one spray rack water pipe and at least one spray rack water nozzle which assembly is ideally positioned a distance away from the compressor inlet. Water mass flow is added preferably in increments which correspond to the spray rack water pipes and associated nozzles. Monitoring of the temperature profile of fluid-cooled rotor blades in the turbine section with an optical pyrometer to detect clogging of cooling pathways in those rotor blades from impurities in the added water, monitoring of the working fluid's temperature in proximity to the gas turbine compressor inlet to guard against the possibility of icing, a deformation measurement device, and concurrent addition of heat and humidity, preferably steam, to the working fluid as a means to extend the utility of the process and apparatus to lower ambient air temperature operation are disclosed.

Process and apparatus for achieving power augmentation in gas turbines via wet compression

A gas turbine, a combined cycle plant and compressor by which both augmentation of the power output and augmentation of the thermal efficiency can be realized by injecting liquid droplets into inlet air introduced into an entrance of a compressor with simple equipment which is suitable for practical use. The gas turbine includes a compressor for taking in and compressing gas, a combustor in which fuel is combusted with the gas discharged from the compressor, and a turbine driven by the combusted gas of the combustor. The gas turbine further includes a liquid droplet injection device provided on the upstream side of the compressor for injecting liquid droplets into inlet air to be supplied into the entrance of the compressor to lower the temperature of the inlet air to be introduced into the compressor so that the injected liquid droplets may be evaporated while flowing through the compressor.

Gas turbine, combined cycle plant and compressor

A gas turbine unit as well as a method for operating a gas turbine unit is proposed. A very quick and at the same time easily controllable augmentation or reduction of shaft power being produced by the gas turbine can be achieved by providing at least one liquid droplet injection device (32) on the upstream side of compressor (1, 2) for injecting liquid into the stream of intake air (10) in order to increase the shaft power generated by the gas turbine unit. The amount of water mass flow corresponding to the desired increase or decrease of shaft power output of the gas turbine unit is added or reduced in the form of liquid droplets in a substantially stepless manner and immediately within a time interval that is determined by the design characteristics of the liquid droplet injection device (32).

Method and apparatus for achieving power augmentation in gas turbines using wet compression

A supercharging system for gas turbine power plants (11). The system includes a supercharging fan (30, 32) and a controller (50) for limiting turbine power output to prevent overload of the generator (28) at lower ambient temperatures. The controller can limit power output by burner control, inlet temperature control, control of supercharging fan pressure and other options. The system can be retrofit on an existing turbine without replacing the generator and associated parts.

Supercharging system for gas turbines

A gas turbine installation which includes a compressor which compresses supplied air and discharges the same, a combustor which combusts the compressed air obtained from the compressor and fuel and produces combustion gas, a turbine which is driven by combustion gas provided from the combustor, a regenerative heat exchanger which heats all or a part of the compressed air being supplied from the compressor to the combustor by making use of the heat of the exhaust gas exhausted from the turbine and a plurality of water spraying devices which are provided at positions from an intake air chamber of the compressor to the outlet of low temperature side gas flow passage in the regenerative heat exchanger and is characterized in that the regenerative heat exchanger is constituted by connecting in series a plurality of heat exchangers having different heat transfer surface configurations. Thereby, a gas turbine installation is provided which suppresses generation of erosion and scales due to water droplets and shows a high efficiency and a high output.

Gas turbine installation

A multi-stage hybrid evaporative cooling system is described as having a direct evaporative cooling subsystem and an indirect evaporative cooling subsystem having one of a horizontal and a vertical set of heat exchanger channels The multi stage hybrid evaporative cooling system with a horizontal set of heat exchanger channels has a portion of the horizontal heat exchanger channels partially extended into a next stage of the multi-stage system The multi-stage hybrid evaporative cooling system with the vertical set of heat exchanger channels includes a first set of vertical set of heat exchanger channels spanning a substantial vertical height of the stage of the hybrid evaporative cooling system, and a second set spanning approximately half the height of the stage The multi-stage hybrid evaporative cooling system further includes a refrigeration system for lowering the temperature of the indirect evaporative cooling subsystem air without affecting its pressure flow

Multi-stage hybrid evaporative cooling system

Novel heat exchangers and methods of constructing the heat exchangers for use in indirect evaporative cooling applications The evaporative apparatus for cooling comprises both a multi-stage indirect evaporative cooling heat exchanger (1074); and a multi-stage sump (1036) where each sump stage, in a one-to-one relationship Other multi-stage heat exchangers with their associated multistage sumps can be combined, with the cooled air of a first multistage evaporative assembly feeding into the intake end of a second multistage evaporative assembly, and so on These heat exchangers can be an entire assembly for the pre-cooling and cleaning of the air going to a gas turbine or any other air breathing device, with an air washer stage (1044) in which air is directly cooled by evaporation and where simultaneously the air is also cleaned of dust, dirt and other impurities

A heat exchanger for cooling and for a pre-cooler for turbine intake air conditioning

A system for cooling, cleaning and humidifying air entering an air breathing gas turbine. The air is first cooled on the dry side of an indirect evaporative heat exchanger and then moistened and cleaned by a fine water spray of distilled water obtained from a boiler heated with excess heat from the gas turbine and condensed by the moist cool air leaving the wet side of the heat exchanger.

Precooler for gas turbines

A depressed wet bulb water cooler utilizing an indirect evaporating film heat exchanger having walls defining wet and dry sides. In a particular embodiment, the wet and dry sides are formed respectively as the opposite inner and outer surfaces of elongated hollow tubular conduits. Water from a load is applied across the inner wet side surfaces while intake air is drawn across the outer, dry side surfaces so as to cool the intake air to a first temperature. The cooled air is then flowed as working air at substantially the first temperature over the wet side of the conduits, and discharged.

Depressed wet bulb water cooler

Air is evaporatively cooled by water in which the evaporating water is kept separate from the useful air (cooled air stream) by means of a heat exchanger so that cooling is performed without the addition of water vapor to the useful air, and in which the working air, absorbing the water vapor, is drawn from the load. A heat exchanger is disclosed which operates by movement of the working air internally through tubular conduits countercurrently to water flowing downwardly on the inner surfaces thereof while the air to be cooled passes externally across the conduits.

Leslie A. Schlom

Papers

Multi-stage hybrid evaporative cooling system

A heat exchanger for cooling and for a pre-cooler for turbine intake air conditioning

Precooler for gas turbines

Depressed wet bulb water cooler

Evaporative refrigeration system