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Quality measurement of fruits and vegetables

3. Data Analysis 1985 3.1. Fluorescence Data Structure 1985 3.2. Chemometrics 1985 3.3. Multivariate Analysis of Fluorescence Data 1985 3.4. Multiway Analysis of Fluorescence Data 1985 4. Food Studies 1986 4.1. Meat 1987 4.2. Fish 1989 4.3. Dairy Products 1989 4.4. Edible Oils 1990 4.5. Cereals 1990 4.6. Beer 1991 4.7. Fruit and Vegetables 1991 4.8. Sugar 1991 5. Conclusions and Perspectives 1992 6. Acknowledgments 1992 7. References 1992

Multivariate autofluorescence of intact food systems.

A PORTABLE, MICROPROCESSOR OPERATED INSTRUMENT FOR MEASURING CHLOROPHYLL FLUORESCENCE KINETICS IN STRESS PHYSIOLOGY

A portable, microprocessor operated instrument for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence kinetics in stress physiology

18 – Chlorophyll a Fluorescence of Higher Plants: Chloroplasts and Leaves

A chlorophyll fluorescence induction (Kautsky effect) assay predicted ozone-induced injury in bean leaves (Phaseolus vulgaris) at least 20 hours before any visible sign of leaf necrosis. The extent of injury, which could be predicted during exposure to ozone, depended on concentration, exposure time, and leaf development stage. Much more injury occurred in light than in darkness and long exposures to lower ozone concentrations were more injurious than brief exposures to higher ones. The first detectable effect was on the photosynthetic water-splitting enzyme systems, followed by inhibition of electron transport between the photosystems. The fluorescence assay provides a simple, rapid, nondestructive method for observing effects of ozone on plants.

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Chlorophyll Fluorescence Assay for Ozone Injury in Intact Plants

A miniaturized Kautsky apparatus was developed for measuring chlorophyll fluorescence induction in photosynthetic plants in situ. The instrument is based on a new sensor–emitter combination of a phototransistor on the back of a light emitting diode (piggy‐back arrangement). Fluorescence curves can be recorded with a time resolution of 250 μsec, illumination time is infinitely variable from 0.1 to 100 sec, and light intensity variable from 0 to 104 erg⋅cm−2sec−1. In combination with portable recorder the new instrument provides a rapid and reliable means of measuring photosynthetic activity of plants in natural environments. The piggy‐back sensor–emitter combination is suggested to be of general importance as a new opto‐electronic device for detecting fluorescence and reflected light. Examples of operation are given which demonstrate time resolution, sensitivity, and specificity of the new instrument.

Leslie Groberman

Papers

Portable, solid‐state fluorometer for the measurement of chlorophyll fluorescence induction in plants