The invention provides a multi-dimensional critical regulation and control method for efficiently utilizing water and fertilizers on farmlands To achieve the targets of water saving, fertilizer saving, high yield and pollution control, the multi-dimensional critical regulation and control indexes of water-saving irrigation, controlled drainage and reasonable fertilization are established on the basis of farmland tests and field reconnaissance data in combination with relevant theories of water and fertilizer coupling irrigation, crop growth, controlled drainage, critical regulation and control and the like, so that the multi-dimensional critical regulation and control for efficient utilization of water and fertilizers on farmlands are realized The method can be applied to coordinated management of water and fertilizer coupling irrigation and controlled drainage on farmlands, the water-fertilizer utilization efficiency is increased, and the problems of potential resource waste and environmental pollution risk in the management of agriculture and water conservancy subsectors are solved

Multi-dimensional critical regulation and control method for efficiently utilizing water and fertilizers on farmlands

The invention discloses a rice planting method for efficiently applying nitrogenous fertilizer in a quantity reducing mode. The rice planting method comprises the steps that nutrient soil or substrates mixed with slow release fertilizer are adopted to carry out plate rice seedling raising on rice; the rice is planted in wide rows and narrow rows in a densification mode; base fertilizer is deeply applied in the middles of the narrow rows of the rice; deep application and topdressing are carried out beside plants in the wide rows of the rice. The volatilization loss and runoff loss of the fertilizer are reduced through rice field deep fertilizer application and rice plant rhizosphere fertilizer application, the utilization rate of the fertilizer can be improved, under the conditions of keeping the yield of the rice not to be reduced, the applied nitrogenous fertilizer can be reduced by over 20 percent, the non-point source pollution of the nitrogenous fertilizer can be effectively controlled, and remarkable social, economic and ecological benefits are achieved.

Rice planting method for efficiently applying nitrogenous fertilizer in quantity reducing mode

The invention discloses an amount-decreased chemical fertilizer deep application method based on reducing rice field nitrogen and phosphor non-point source pollution. The method comprises the following steps: 1) determining the target yield of an amount-decreased chemical fertilizer deep application method of rice; 2) determining N, P and K nutrient quantity demands under the target yield; and 3) determining the fertilization application amount under the target yield; 4) applying chemical fertilizers: applying hole applied fertilizers and base fertilizers as fertilizers for early and late rice, wherein as for the hole applied fertilizers for early rice, the N fertilizer dosage is 25-30kg N/ha and the P fertilizer dosage is 25-30kg P2O5/ha; as for the hole applied fertilizers for late rice, the N fertilizer dosage is 30kg N/ha; the base fertilizer dosages of early and later rice are equal to the fertilization application amounts under target yields of early and late rice minus the hole applied fertilizer dosages of early and late rice; the hole applied fertilizers of early and later rice are applied before rice transplanting in a spread manner, and the base fertilizers are prepared into fertilizer balls which are applied deep after rice transplanting. The method is capable of reducing the rice field nitrogen and phosphor non-point source pollution to a great extent and improving the fertilizer utilization efficiency, is high in operability in production, low in investment cost and relatively high in popularization and application value.

Amount-decreased chemical fertilizer deep application method based on reducing rice field nitrogen and phosphor non-point source pollution

The invention belongs to the field of agricultural pollution system control and discloses a high-benefit, low-emission and low-pollution fertilizer applying method for reducing rice planting pollution discharge. The method comprises the following steps: determining an optimum fertilizer applying amount; applying organic fertilizer and chemical fertilizer as base fertilizer in a mixed manner, wherein the applied nitrogen is 35%-45% of the total amount of nitrogen, the applied phosphorus is 90%-95% of the total amount of phosphorus, the applied potassium is 25%-35% of the total amount of potassium, the organic fertilizer and the chemical fertilizer are uniformly applied into a rice field, and the base fertilizer is applied into a land in a manner of deep ploughing; applying tillering fertilizer twice in a manner of field scattering, wherein in the first applying step, the applied nitrogen is 30%-40% of the total amount of nitrogen, and in the second applying step, the applied nitrogen is 10%-20% of the total amount of nitrogen and the applied potassium is 35%-45% of the total amount of potassium; and applying earing fertilizer in a manner of foliage spray, wherein the applied nitrogen is 5%-10% of the total amount of nitrogen, the applied phosphorus is 5%-10% of the total amount of phosphorus and the applied potassium is 20%-30% of the total amount of potassium. By using the fertilizer applying method, the optimum effects of the maximization of the utilization rate of fertilizers and the minimization of environmental pollution can be realized.

Fertilizer applying method and application for reducing rice planting pollution discharge

Provided is a cultivation method for selenium-rich ratoon rice Specifically, the method comprises: firstly, producing and culturing selenium-rich rice according to a conventional method, and then selecting a rice field as ratoon rice to perform production management, on the rice filed, rice being developed in root systems, sufficient in potential, strong in vitality, and stalks are in dark green when mature, and rice is without premature senility; performing effective fertilization management before harvesting and after harvesting, and finally, when growth of the rice enters a booting period and a pustulation period, respectively spraying leaf selenium fertilizer once Applying the method can produce large amount of high-quality rice in low cost The method has very important significance on improving living quality of people and satisfying requirement of people for health-type rice Development of the ratoon rice develops rice production, increases yield of grain, and promotes development of agricultural technology, so other agricultural appropriate technologies are widely applied in agricultural production, and agricultural structure is adjusted rationally, a paddy field cropping system and a cultivation technology are improved and popularized, and production potential of rice fields is fully developed The method has substantial social and ecological benefits

Cultivation method for selenium-rich ratoon rice

The invention relates to a pollution-reducing fertilization method in a rice paddy field The pollution-reducing fertilization method comprises the following steps of: using an organic fertilizer to replace one part of a nitrogen fertilizer and a phosphate fertilizer for rice, dividing the nitrogen fertilizer into two parts, using one half of the nitrogen fertilizer as a basic fertilizer, using the other half of the nitrogen fertilizer as an additional fertilizer, preferably sequentially applying the nitrogen fertilizer during early tillering stage, active tillering stage and booting stage according to 58%, 24% and 18% of total top-dressing quantity, additionally reasonably heightening a ridge before fertilization, deeply applying the basic fertilizer into a soil layer, and performing no drainage and irrigation after top-dressing According to the method disclosed by the invention, through reasonable fertilization and water management, the application quantity of the nitrogen fertilizer and the phosphate fertilizer is effectively reduced, the loss of the nitrogen fertilizer and the phosphate fertilizer in the rice paddy field is reduced, and the nitrogen and phosphorus pollution to the surrounding environment, which is caused by the rice paddy field, is also reduced

Pollution-reducing fertilization method in rice paddy field

The invention discloses a field channel construction method for cutting down soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff and a field channel system. An existing ridge and groove alternate traditional farmland ecological system is scientifically utilized, in a ridge and groove alternate farmland, all independent between-ridge ditches in field parcels are trimmed and connected in series to form a parallel ditch and perpendicular ditch alternate multi-curve ditch with the field parcels as the unit, one end of the multi-curve ditch is connected with a water inlet, the other end of the multi-curve ditch is connected with a water outlet, water flow flows to the water outlet from the water inlet, and therefore the length of the ditch in the field parcels is greatly increased; and plant growth ditches are established through aquatic plants, the hydraulic retention time can be prolonged when the water flow passes the section of the aquatic plant ditches; one part of nitrogen and phosphorus in water are absorbed by the aquatic plants and reduced, the other part of the nitrogen and the phosphorus in the water are deposited and accumulated in bottom mud of the ditch, the nitrogen and phosphorus elements in the ditch are reduced through the growth consumption of the aquatic plants, and therefore the nitrogen and phosphorus emission amount in the field ditch is decreased, and the aim of reducing soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff is well achieved.

Field channel construction method for cutting down soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff and field channel system

The invention discloses a uniform shunting method applied to water and soil conservation monitoring, and an apparatus thereof. Radial flow enters from the geometric center of the shunting apparatus, and the water flow direction is vertical to the bottom surface of the shunting apparatus, so an inflow point has a same distance to every shunting tube; and the length of all the shunting tubes is same, so a flow collecting tube and the shunting tubes are arranged in a same manner. The method and the apparatus reach a uniform shunting effect to effectively guarantee that a water sand sample collected by a flow collecting barrel (pool) fully represents the composition of shunted water sand, so the test precision of radial flow in a runoff plot is improved, and accurate and reliable water and soil loss data can be obtained.

Uniform shunting method applied to water and soil conservation monitoring, and apparatus thereof

The utility model discloses a paddy field system for preventing and detecting nitrogen and phosphorus loss pollution. The paddy field system comprises a paddy field, ridges, a canal, water inlets, water outlets, a total water inlet, a total water outlet, a water inlet valve, a water outlet valve, a feeding device and a detecting device, wherein the paddy field comprises a surface layer and a base fertilizer layer. Compared with the common paddy field, the system has the advantages of being simple and practicable, reducing fertilizer application, reducing the risk of nitrogen and phosphorus loss pollution of the paddy field and the like.

Paddy field system for preventing and detecting nitrogen and phosphorus loss pollution

The utility model discloses a field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces. The utility model discloses scientifically utilize the current alternate traditional farmland ecosystem of rectangular pieces of land in a field ditch, in rectangular pieces of land in a field ditch alternate farmland, use the field piece as the unit, with in the piece of field separately between independent rectangular pieces of land in a field the ditch maintain to establish ties and be many bends ditch that parallel ditch is alternate with perpendicular ditch, the water inlet is connected to the one end in many bends ditch, the delivery port is connected to the other end, rivers flow to the delivery port from the water inlet, ditch length in the piece of field has extended from this greatly, further utilize aquatic plant to found and plant living ditch, rivers are when aquatic plant ditch section, can prolong water conservancy dwell time, aquatic nitrogen, phosphorus is partly to be reduce because of aquatic plant absorbs to utilize, another part deposits and accumulates in the bed mud of ditch, growth consumption through aquatic plant, reduce the nitrogen in the ditch, the phosphorus element, thereby reduce the nitrogen in field ditch, the phosphorus emission, realize reduceeing soil nitrogen well, the mesh that phosphorus runs off.

Liao Yishan

Papers

Pollution-reducing fertilization method in rice paddy field

Field channel construction method for cutting down soil nitrogen and phosphorous runoff and field channel system

Uniform shunting method applied to water and soil conservation monitoring, and apparatus thereof

Paddy field system for preventing and detecting nitrogen and phosphorus loss pollution

Field irrigation canals and ditches system that soil nitrogen phosphorus runs off reduces