다중혈관 관상동맥 환자에서 y-문합을 이용하여 양쪽 내흉동맥만을 사용한 우회술의 조기 성적

Eyeglasses-based tear biosensing system: Non-invasive detection of alcohol, vitamins and glucose.

Wearable electrochemical alcohol biosensors

Malaria is a mosquito-borne disease caused by unicellular hemoparasites of the genus Plasmodium that results in the death of over one million people worldwide every year. Early diagnosis plays a key role in the treatment of infected patients and can reduce the mortality rate. This work proposes a simple designed photonic crystal fiber (PCF) sensor for detecting malarial infection using the refractive index (RI) of red blood cells (RBCs). The initial structure of the PCF sensor consists of double loops of circular air holes arranged in a hexagonal formation. A horizontal elliptical channel in the center of the fiber contains the RBCs sample. The sensor’s response was observed from the shift of the transmission spectra due to change in the RI of RBCs during different life stages of the parasite. Model parameters (transmission length, pitch, air hole diameter, and eccentricity of the elliptical channel) of the proposed sensor were optimized to obtain the best possible response. The highest spectral sensitivities were obtained about 11,428.57 nm/RIU, 9473.68 nm/RIU, and 9655.17 nm/RIU for the ring, trophozoite, and schizont phases of the parasite, respectively. Due to its high sensitivity, easy identification capability, and short transmission length, this sensor can be utilized as a cost-effective and useful device for malaria diagnosis.

Design and analysis of a single elliptical channel photonic crystal fiber sensor for potential malaria detection

Ammonia (NH3) gas is a prominent air pollutant that is frequently found in industrial and livestock production environments. Due to the importance in controlling pollution and protecting public health, the development of new platforms for sensing NH3 at room temperature has attracted great attention. In this study, a sensitive NH3 gas device with enhanced selectivity is developed based on zinc oxide nanofibers (ZnO NFs) decorated with poly(styrene sulfonate) (PSS) and operated at room temperature. ZnO NFs were prepared by electrospinning followed by calcination at 500 °C for 3 h. The electrospun ZnO NFs are characterized to evaluate the properties of the as-prepared sensing materials. The loading of PSS to prepare ZnO NFs/PSS composite is also optimized based on the best sensing performance. Under the optimal composition, ZnO NFs/PSS displays rapid, reversible, and sensitive response upon NH3 exposure at room temperature. The device shows a dynamic linear range up to 100 ppm and a limit of detection of 3.22 ppm and enhanced selectivity toward NH3 in synthetic air, against NO2 and CO, compared to pure ZnO NFs. Additionally, a sensing mechanism is proposed to illustrate the sensing performance using ZnO NFs/PSS composite. Therefore, this study provides a simple methodology to design a sensitive platform for NH3 monitoring at room temperature.

Sensitive and Selective NH3 Monitoring at Room Temperature Using ZnO Ceramic Nanofibers Decorated with Poly(styrene sulfonate)

Advances in developing rapid, reliable and portable detection systems for alcohol

Development of new methods for determination of bilirubin.

Carbon dots (CDs) are optically active carbon-based nanomaterials. These nanomaterials can change their light emission properties in response to various external stimuli such as pH, temperature, pressure, and light. The CD's remarkable stimuli-responsive smart material properties have recently stimulated massive research interest for their exploitation to develop various sensor platforms. Herein, an effort has been made to review the major advances made on CDs, focusing mainly on its smart material attributes and linked applications. Since the CD's material properties are largely linked to their synthesis approaches, various synthesis methods, including surface passivation and functionalization of CDs and the mechanisms reported so far in their photophysical properties, are also delineated in this review. Finally, the challenges of using CDs and the scope for their further improvement as an optical signal transducer to expand their application horizon for developing analytical platforms have been discussed.

Carbon Dots: An Emerging Smart Material for Analytical Applications.

A novel smartphone-based, multi-channel, optic fiber platform for quantitative detection of Plasmodium falciparum glutamate dehydrogenase (PfGDH) has been explored in this study. A four-channel smartphone slip-on accessory was fabricated to couple one end of the optic fibers to the smartphone flashlight and the other end to the smartphone camera. The optic fiber probes for this setup were prepared with gold-sputtered U-bent plastic optic fibers and functionalized with an aptamer specific for PfGDH. The images of the light spots from the fiber were captured from this setup at specific time intervals after incubation with simulated malaria samples. The blue histogram values (B-value) of the light spots in the captured images were obtained using ImageJ software. The sensor statistically exhibited a limit of detection (LOD) of 264 pM and utilized only 175 μL of the sample. The specificity of this system was evaluated by exposing it to interferents like human glutamate dehydrogenase (HGDH), Plasmodium lactate dehydrogenase (PfLDH), and Plasmodium falciparum Histidine Rich Protein-II (PfHRP-II) and the response to these interferents was found to be very minimal when compared to the response to the aptamer–PfGDH interaction. A shelf-life study was also performed, with probes maintained at room temperature (25–30 °C) with relative humidity in the range of 70–90%. The efficiency of the probes on the 20th day was found to be 91.38% of the initial output.

Lightson Ngashangva

Papers

Advances in developing rapid, reliable and portable detection systems for alcohol

Development of new methods for determination of bilirubin.

Carbon Dots: An Emerging Smart Material for Analytical Applications.

A smartphone-based fiber-optic aptasensor for label-free detection of Plasmodium falciparum glutamate dehydrogenase

An insight into the mechanism of peroxidase-like activity of carbon dots