Mental health services for older adults in China during the COVID-19 outbreak.

Depressive symptoms and SES among the mid-aged and elderly in China: evidence from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study national baseline.

There is lack of information on the magnitude of depression among elderly population in India. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the prevalence of depression among elderly population in India. PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science, Embase, PsycINFO, IndMed, and Google Scholar were searched to identify articles reported community-based prevalence of depression among elderly population using screening tools. This study included the articles published during the years 1997 to 2016. Studies conducted in the special population groups, hospitals, reported only a subcategory of depression, and not specified the screening tool were excluded. Data were extracted from published reports and any missing information was requested from authors. Estimates were pooled using random-effects meta-analyses. Subgroup and sensitivity analysis were performed. The publication bias was evaluated by using Egger’s test and visual inspection of the symmetry in funnel plots. Fifty-one studies from 16 States of India were included as 56 datasets, which estimated the prevalence of depression among Indian elderly population as 34.4% (95% CI: 29.3–39.7). In sub-group analysis, the pooled prevalence was higher among females, rural populations, and in the eastern part of the country. Studies using non-probability sampling, and GDS and CES-D screening tool showed higher prevalence. Exclusion of the studies with sample size less than 100 and low-quality studies (score < 5/8) had no effect on the estimate of the prevalence. The studies that excluded dementia before assessment of depression had lower prevalence. About one third elderly population of India suffered from depression with female preponderance. The estimates varied with type of study tool, geographic region, sampling methods, and presence of dementia. The pooled estimate should be interpreted with caution as the studies included in this review had varied methodological approach and screening tools.

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Prevalence of depression among the elderly (60 years and above) population in India, 1997–2016: a systematic review and meta-analysis

Resumo Objetivo: Analisar a frequencia de tristeza, nervosismo e alteracoes do sono durante a pandemia de COVID-19 no Brasil, identificando os segmentos demograficos mais afetados. Metodos: Estudo transversal, com questionario aplicado via web a adultos e idosos, coletando informacoes sobre condicoes de vida, saude e comportamento. Foram estimadas prevalencias e razoes de prevalencias ajustadas por idade e sexo. Resultados: De 45.161 brasileiros respondentes, verificou-se que, durante a pandemia, 40,4% (IC95% 39,0;41,8) se sentiram frequentemente tristes ou deprimidos, e 52,6% (IC95% 51,2;54,1) frequentemente ansiosos ou nervosos; 43,5% (IC95% 41,8;45,3) relataram inicio de problemas de sono, e 48,0% (IC95% 45,6;50,5) problema de sono preexistente agravado. Tristeza, nervosismo frequentes e alteracoes do sono estiveram mais presentes entre adultos jovens, mulheres e pessoas com antecedente de depressao. Conclusao: As elevadas prevalencias encontradas indicam a necessidade de garantir a provisao de servicos de atencao a saude mental e a qualidade do sono, adaptados ao contexto pandemico.

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Relato de tristeza/depressão, nervosismo/ansiedade e problemas de sono na população adulta brasileira durante a pandemia de COVID-19

Importance Depression is associated with increased disease burden worldwide and with higher risk of mortality in Western populations. Objective To investigate whether depression is a risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality in adults in China. Design, Setting, and Participants This cohort study prospectively followed adults aged 30 to 79 years in the China Kadoorie Biobank (CKB) study from June 1, 2004, to December 31, 2016, and adults aged 32 to 104 years in the Dongfeng-Tongji (DFTJ) study from September 1, 2008, to December 31, 2016. Data analysis was conducted from June 1, 2018, to March 31, 2019. Main Outcomes and Measures Depression was evaluated using the Chinese version of the World Health Organization Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Short Form in the CKB cohort and a 7-item symptoms questionnaire modified from the Composite International Diagnostic Interview–Short Form in the DFTJ cohort. Multivariable-adjusted Cox proportional hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs for the association of depression with mortality. Covariates in the final models included sociodemographic characteristics, lifestyle factors, and personal and family medical history. Results Among 512 712 individuals (mean [SD] age, 52.0 [10.7] years; 302 509 [59.0%] women) in the CKB cohort, there were 44 065 deaths, including 18 273 CVD deaths. The 12-month prevalence of major depressive episode in the CKB cohort was 0.64%, and the 1-month prevalence of clinically significant depressive symptoms was 17.96% in the DFTJ cohort. Among 26 298 individuals (mean [SD] age, 63.6 [7.8] years; 14 508 [55.2%] women) in the DFTJ cohort, there were 2571 deaths, including 1013 CVD deaths. In the multivariable-adjusted model, depression was associated with increased risk of all-cause mortality (CKB cohort: HR, 1.32 [95% CI, 1.20-1.46];P  Conclusions and Relevance These findings suggest that depression is associated with an increased risk of all-cause and CVD mortality in adults in China, particularly in men. These findings highlight the importance and urgency of depression management as a measure for preventing premature deaths in China.

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Lin Tian

Papers

A meta-analysis of the prevalence of depressive symptoms in Chinese older adults