In this article, we use meta-analysis to analyze gender differences in recent studies of mathematics performance. First, we meta-analyzed data from 242 studies published between 1990 and 2007, representing the testing of 1,286,350 people. Overall, d = 0.05, indicating no gender difference, and variance ratio = 1.08, indicating nearly equal male and female variances. Second, we analyzed data from large data sets based on probability sampling of U.S. adolescents over the past 20 years: the National Longitudinal Surveys of Youth, the National Education Longitudinal Study of 1988, the Longitudinal Study of American Youth, and the National Assessment of Educational Progress. Effect sizes for the gender difference ranged between -0.15 and +0.22. Variance ratios ranged from 0.88 to 1.34. Taken together, these findings support the view that males and females perform similarly in mathematics.

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New Trends in Gender and Mathematics Performance: A Meta-Analysis

Through the Blueprints for Violence Prevention Initiative, OJJDP provides information to communities on a broad array of violence prevention and intervention programs that have been proven to be effective. This Bulletin describes the demanding criteria established by the Center for the Study and Prevention of Violence to designate model Blueprints programs and the activities of the 11 programs out of the more than 500 that have been reviewed to date and found to meet those rigorous standards. Contact information is provided for each program, and replication and funding resources are discussed.

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Blueprints for Violence Prevention

In this article, the authors review the research on curriculum-based measurement (CBM) in reading published since the time of Marston's 1989 review. They focus on the technical adequacy of CBM related to measures, materials, and representation of growth. The authors conclude by discussing issues to be addressed in future research, and they raise the possibility of the development of a seamless and flexible system of progress monitoring that can be used to monitor students' progress across students, settings, and purposes.

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Literature Synthesis on Curriculum-Based Measurement in Reading

In this chapter, we examine the literature on parental involvement highlighting the equity issues that it raises in educational practice. Like so many educators and researchers, we are concerned with approaches to parental involvement that construct restricted roles for parents in the education of their children. These approaches often miss the multiple ways nondominant parents participate in their children’s education because they do not correspond to normative understandings of parental involvement in schools (Barton, Drake, Perez, St. Louis, & George, 2004). Moreover, these framings restrict the ways in which parents from nondominant backgrounds can be productive social actors who can shape and influence schools and other social institutions. A great deal of general educational policy on parent involvement draws on Epstein’s (1992, 1995) theory and typologies where a set of overlapping spheres of influence locate the student among three major contexts—the family, the school, and the community—which operate optimally when their goals, missions, and responsibilities overlap. Epstein’s (1992) Six Types of Involvement framework provides a variety of practices of partnership, including the following strategies for involvement: assisting with parenting, communicating with parents, organizing volunteering activities for parents, involving parents in learning at home activities (such as homework), including parents in decision making, and collaborating with community. This perspective, however, can foster individualistic and school-centric approaches (see Warren, Hong, Rubin, & Uy, 2009). We argue

Equity Issues in Parental and Community Involvement in Schools: What Teacher Educators Need to Know.

Harmful effects of the media have been documented in a range of domains, including violence (e.g., Paik & Comstock, 1994), sexual behavior (e.g., Allen, D’Alessio, & Brezgel, 1995; Hestroni, 2007), and body image (e.g., Holmstrom, 2004). Media literacy interventions refer to education programs designed to reduce harmful effects of the media by informing the audience about one or more aspects of the media, thereby influencing media-related beliefs and attitudes, and ultimately preventing risky behaviors.

Several studies have reviewed the effects of media literacy interventions on topics such as violence (Cantor & Wilson, 2003), sexual behavior (Allen, D’Alessio, Emmers, & Gebhardt, 1996), and advertising (Livingstone & Helsper, 2006). A review by Bergsma and Carney (2008) examined the contexts and process of effective media literacy interventions focusing on health promotion. However, a comprehensive meta-analysis of media literacy interventions is not yet available. The present study assesses the average effect size of media literacy interventions and the conditions under which such interventions are more effective. We begin with a brief overview of the conceptual basis for media literacy interventions, followed by a review of outcomes and moderators of media literacy intervention effects.

Media Literacy Interventions: A Meta-Analytic Review.

We examined ethnicity and cultural orientation as predictors of parents’ views of and involvement in children’s education, using data gathered from the Latino (n = 74) and non-Latino (17 White and 13 ethnic minority) parents of children in an elementary school’s dual-language program. Parents completed a questionnaire that assessed Latino and White American cultural orientations, importance of children’s academic and social success, and self- and significant other involvement in children’s education. Results indicated that Latino (and other ethnic minority) parents valued academic and social success equally and more strongly than did Whites and that Whites valued social success more strongly than academic success. Latinos also reported greater involvement of significant others. These differences were largely accounted for by cultural orientations. Educational practices that take into account differences in cultural orientations and the involvement of significant others thus seem more likely to improve academic outcomes than do efforts intended to promote the valuing of education. C � 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.

https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1078&context=psychfacpub

Parent involvement and views of school success: The role of parents' Latino and White American cultural orientations†

https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3179&context=studentwork

The Impact of Mentoring on Academic Achievement of At-risk Youth

The goals of the present study were to identify the impact particular stereotyped toys have on young children's complexity of play; to identify how these behaviours may influence children's cognitive development using play assessment; and to ascertain the toys that would be most appropriate for use in play assessment sessions. A total of 30 children who ranged in age from 18-47 months were observed playing for 30 minutes in a playroom. Analyses revealed that higher levels of play complexity were only manifested when children played with female stereotyped toys. The implications for practitioners of this and other findings are discussed.

The effects of stereotyped toys and gender on play assessment in children aged 18-47 months

Particular strategies of media advocacy can help people contest the dominant body images of fashion advertisements and reframe them to include a broader array of “normal” images. A study with an intervention group (n = 60) and a comparison group (n = 45) of undergraduate college students was conducted to investigate whether analyzing and reframing fashion advertisements changed the students' attitudes and behaviors regarding their own body images. Results from the posttest showed a significant change in beliefs among those in the intervention group but no significant change in behaviors. The comparison group showed no significant change in beliefs or behaviors. Posttest results from the women in the intervention group (n = 44) indicated a significant change in the study participants' beliefs that adult models in advertisements have an ideal body size and shape and that the participants' decisions about dieting or exercising should be based more on looks rather than on health status.

The Effect of Media Analysis on Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Body Image Among College Students

Play assessment is gaining attention as a measure of the developing skills of young children. The procedures and methods of coding child behaviours vary considerably across researchers and practiti...

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Lisa Kelly-Vance

Papers

Parent involvement and views of school success: The role of parents' Latino and White American cultural orientations†

The Impact of Mentoring on Academic Achievement of At-risk Youth

The effects of stereotyped toys and gender on play assessment in children aged 18-47 months

The Effect of Media Analysis on Attitudes and Behaviors Regarding Body Image Among College Students

A Systematic, Reliable Approach to Play Assessment in Preschoolers.