Abstract Biochar shows significant potential to serve as a globally applicable material to remediate water and soil owing to the extensive availability of feedstocks and conducive physio-chemical surface characteristics. This review aims to highlight biochar production technologies, characteristics of biochar, and the latest advancements in immobilizing and eliminating heavy metal ions and organic pollutants in soil and water. Pyrolysis temperature, heat transfer rate, residence time, and type of feedstock are critical influential parameters. Biochar’s efficacy in managing contaminants relies on the pore size distribution, surface groups, and ion-exchange capacity. The molecular composition and physical architecture of biochar may be crucial when practically applied to water and soil. In general, biochar produced at relatively high pyrolysis temperatures can effectively manage organic pollutants via increasing surface area, hydrophobicity and microporosity. Biochar generated at lower temperatures is deemed to be more suitable for removing polar organic and inorganic pollutants through oxygen-containing functional groups, precipitation and electrostatic attraction. This review also presents the existing obstacles and future research direction related to biochar-based materials in immobilizing organic contaminants and heavy metal ions in effluents and soil. Graphical Abstract 

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Biochar for the removal of contaminants from soil and water: a review

Functionalized lignin-based magnetic adsorbents with tunable structure for the efficient and selective removal of Pb(II) from aqueous solution

Lignin-based adsorbent materials for metal ion removal from wastewater: A review

Simultaneous scavenging of Cd(II) and Pb(II) from water by sulfide-modified magnetic pinecone-derived hydrochar

Facile synthesis of Fe-modified lignin-based biochar for ultra-fast adsorption of methylene blue: Selective adsorption and mechanism studies

Industrial alkali lignin-derived biochar as highly efficient and low-cost adsorption material for Pb(II) from aquatic environment.

Reduction leaching behaviors of Fe and Mn from an iron-rich manganese oxide ore using waste tobacco stem concrete as reducing agent were investigated in this paper with a view to determining the feasibility of tobacco stem concrete used in reduction leaching of Mn from iron-rich manganese oxide ore. Results indicated that the leaching processes of Fe and Mn were both dominated by internal diffusion, but the effects of leaching parameters on leaching ratios of Fe and Mn were different based on established leaching kinetic equations. The leaching ratio of Mn reached up to 96.18% while that of Fe kept a lower concentration (17.66%) under optimal leaching conditions, which achieved high selectivity recovery of Mn from iron-rich manganese oxide ore. In addition, the leached solution can be used as electrolytic stock solution in the production of electrolytic manganese. Characterization of the obtained electrolytic manganese product indicated that the quality of electrolytic manganese fully met the standards of YB/T 051-2003, which disclosing a novel recycling approach of utilizing the resource coming from the tobacco industry.

Long Chen

Papers

Industrial alkali lignin-derived biochar as highly efficient and low-cost adsorption material for Pb(II) from aquatic environment.

Experimental and reduction leaching kinetics simulation of iron-rich manganese oxide ore using tobacco stem concrete as reducing agent